Conejero Del Mazo Raquel, García Forcén Laura, Navarro Aguilar María Elena
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, España.
Centro de Salud Ejea de los Caballeros, Ejea de los Caballeros, Zaragoza, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2023 Sep 29;161(6):251-259. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.05.007. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common clinical disease of the oral mucosa. Its prevalence in the general population varies between 5 and 25%, with its peak appearance in the second decade of life. So far, the etiopathogenesis is not clear. In genetically predisposed patients, the effect of certain triggering factors would initiate the proinflammatory cytokine cascade directed against certain regions of the oral mucosa. Ulcers are round or oval with well-defined erythematous margins and a shallow ulcerated center covered with a gray or yellowish fibrinous pseudomembrane. The ulcers may reappear at intervals of a few days and months. Given the appearance of periodic thrush in the oral mucosa, the first thing to do is to make a correct differential diagnosis, rule out associated systemic diseases and assess treatable causes before reaching the diagnosis of RAS. At present, there is no curative treatment.
复发性阿弗他口炎（RAS）是口腔黏膜最常见的临床疾病。其在普通人群中的患病率在5%至25%之间，发病高峰出现在生命的第二个十年。迄今为止，其发病机制尚不清楚。在具有遗传易感性的患者中，某些触发因素的作用会启动针对口腔黏膜特定区域的促炎细胞因子级联反应。溃疡呈圆形或椭圆形，边缘有明显的红斑，中央为浅溃疡，覆盖有灰色或淡黄色的纤维性假膜。溃疡可能每隔几天或几个月复发一次。鉴于口腔黏膜出现周期性口疮，首先要做的是进行正确的鉴别诊断，排除相关的全身性疾病，并在确诊RAS之前评估可治疗的病因。目前，尚无治愈性治疗方法。
