1Yıldız Technical University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey.
2Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Mugla, Turkey.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2023 Jun 26;74(2):90-98. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3684. eCollection 2023 Jun 1.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which have recently gained attention due to their antimicrobial activity, can also be produced by green synthesis. The aims of this study were to (i) characterise green synthesized AgNPs using microwave-assisted aqueous extracts of (G-AgNPs) and (H-AgNPs) and (ii) investigate the combined antimicrobial effects of the G- and H-AgNPs in different ratios. Nanoparticle formation and reactions were determined with UV-Vis spectroscopy. The G-AgNPs were 52.0±10.9 nm in size, with a 0.285±0.034 polydispersity index (PDI), and a -17.9±0.9 mV zeta potential. For H-AgNPs these characteristics were 23.9±1.0 nm, 0.280±0.032, and -21.3±2.7 mV, respectively. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that the particles were monodisperse and spherical. The Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) results showed the presence of reducing agents that stabilised the AgNPs. Three different nanoformulations (NF-1, NF-2, and NF-3) were prepared by combining these two synthesised nanoparticles in different ratios and their antimicrobial activity was tested against , and . Our study is the first to show that combining AgNPs from two different biological sources can produce effective nanoformulations with improved antibacterial activity against and . These nanoformulations showed lower minimum inhibitory concentrations (31.25 µg/mL against with all NFs; 62.5 µg/mL for NF-1 and 125 µg/mL for NF-2/3 against ) than G-AgNPs (62.5 µg/mL for ) or H-AgNPs (125 µg/mL for ) alone. Their high combined inhibitory effect against (NF-1-3) was synergistic and against (NF-2 and NF-3) potentially additive. Considering such promising results, we believe our study provides some direction for new research and strategies in antimicrobial therapeutics.
银纳米粒子（AgNPs）由于其抗菌活性而受到关注，也可以通过绿色合成来制备。本研究的目的是：（i）使用微波辅助的 （G-AgNPs）和 （H-AgNPs）的水提取物来表征绿色合成的 AgNPs，以及（ii）研究 G-和 H-AgNPs 以不同比例组合的抗菌效果。使用紫外-可见分光光度法确定纳米粒子的形成和反应。G-AgNPs 的尺寸为 52.0±10.9nm，多分散指数（PDI）为 0.285±0.034，zeta 电位为-17.9±0.9mV。对于 H-AgNPs，这些特性分别为 23.9±1.0nm、0.280±0.032 和-21.3±2.7mV。原子力显微镜（AFM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）证实，这些颗粒是单分散和球形的。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）结果表明存在稳定 AgNPs 的还原剂。通过以不同比例混合这两种合成的纳米粒子制备了三种不同的纳米制剂（NF-1、NF-2 和 NF-3），并测试了它们对 和 的抗菌活性。我们的研究首次表明，结合来自两种不同生物来源的 AgNPs 可以产生具有针对 和 的改善抗菌活性的有效纳米制剂。这些纳米制剂对 （所有 NF 对 的最小抑菌浓度为 31.25µg/mL；NF-1 和 NF-2/3 对 的最小抑菌浓度为 62.5µg/mL）的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）明显低于 G-AgNPs（对 的 MIC 为 62.5µg/mL）或 H-AgNPs（对 的 MIC 为 125µg/mL）。它们对 （NF-1-3）的高协同抑制作用和对 （NF-2 和 NF-3）的潜在相加作用。考虑到这些有希望的结果，我们相信我们的研究为抗菌治疗的新研究和策略提供了一些方向。
