Roy Anupam, Bulut Onur, Some Sudip, Mandal Amit Kumar, Yilmaz M Deniz
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchi-835215 India.
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Konya Food and Agriculture University 42080 Konya Turkey.
RSC Adv. 2019 Jan 21;9(5):2673-2702. doi: 10.1039/c8ra08982e. eCollection 2019 Jan 18.
Since discovery of the first antibiotic drug, penicillin, in 1928, a variety of antibiotic and antimicrobial agents have been developed and used for both human therapy and industrial applications. However, excess and uncontrolled use of antibiotic agents has caused a significant growth in the number of drug resistant pathogens. Novel therapeutic approaches replacing the inefficient antibiotics are in high demand to overcome increasing microbial multidrug resistance. In the recent years, ongoing research has focused on development of nano-scale objects as efficient antimicrobial therapies. Among the various nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles have gained much attention due to their unique antimicrobial properties. However, concerns about the synthesis of these materials such as use of precursor chemicals and toxic solvents, and generation of toxic byproducts have led to a new alternative approach, green synthesis. This eco-friendly technique incorporates use of biological agents, plants or microbial agents as reducing and capping agents. Silver nanoparticles synthesized by green chemistry offer a novel and potential alternative to chemically synthesized nanoparticles. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, their application as antimicrobial agents and mechanism of antimicrobial mode of action.
自1928年发现第一种抗生素药物青霉素以来，已开发出多种抗生素和抗菌剂，并用于人类治疗和工业应用。然而，抗生素的过度和无节制使用导致耐药病原体数量显著增加。为了克服日益增加的微生物多重耐药性，迫切需要替代低效抗生素的新型治疗方法。近年来，正在进行的研究集中在开发纳米级物体作为有效的抗菌疗法。在各种纳米颗粒中，银纳米颗粒因其独特的抗菌性能而备受关注。然而，对这些材料合成的担忧，如使用前体化学品和有毒溶剂以及产生有毒副产物，导致了一种新的替代方法——绿色合成。这种环保技术采用生物制剂、植物或微生物制剂作为还原剂和封端剂。通过绿色化学合成的银纳米颗粒为化学合成的纳米颗粒提供了一种新颖且有潜力的替代品。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了银纳米颗粒绿色合成的最新进展、它们作为抗菌剂的应用以及抗菌作用模式的机制。
