Wu Keqin, Yao Yuyang, Meng Yuanhua, Zhang Xuhui, Zhou Run, Liu Wenwei, Ding Xinliang
Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention (The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing Medical University), Wuxi, 214023 China.
Research Base for Environment and Health in Wuxi, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023 China.
Expo Health. 2023 May 24:1-14. doi: 10.1007/s12403-023-00572-x.
Long-term atmospheric quality monitoring of fine particulate matter (PM) and PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was performed in Wuxi from 2016 to 2021. In total, 504 atmospheric PM samples were collected, and PM-bound 16 PAHs were detected. The PM and ∑PAHs level decreased annually from 2016 to 2021, from 64.3 to 34.0 μg/m and 5.27 to 4.22 ng/m, respectively. The benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) levels of 42% of the monitoring days in 2017 exceeded the recommended European Union (EU) health-based standard of 1 ng/m. Five- and six-ring PAHs were found, including benz[a]anthracene, benzo[k]fluoranthene (Bkf), BaP, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene, which were the dominant components (indicating a prominent petroleum, biomass, and coal combustion contribution) using molecular diagnostic ratios and positive matrix factorization analysis. Moreover, PM and PAHs were significantly negatively associated with local precipitation over a period of six years. Statistically significant temporal and spatial distribution differences of PM, and ∑PAHs were also found. The toxicity equivalent quotient (TEQ) of total PAHs was 0.70, and the TEQ of BaP (0.178) was the highest, followed by that of Bkf (0.090), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (Dah) (0.048), and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (0.034). The medians of the incremental lifetime cancer risk for long-term exposure to PAHs were 2.74E-8, 1.98E-8, and 1.71E-7 for children, teenagers, and adults, respectively, indicating that the carcinogenic risk of PAHs pollution in air was acceptable to local residents in this area. Sensitivity analysis revealed that BaP, Bkf, and Dah significantly contributed to carcinogenic toxicity. This research provides comprehensive statistics on the local air persistent organic pollutants profile, helps to identify the principal pollution source and compounds, and contributes to the prevention of regional air pollution.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12403-023-00572-x.
2016年至2021年期间，在无锡开展了细颗粒物（PM）及与PM结合的多环芳烃（PAHs）的长期大气质量监测。共采集了504个大气PM样本，并检测了与PM结合的16种PAHs。2016年至2021年期间，PM和∑PAHs水平逐年下降，分别从64.3降至34.0μg/m³和从5.27降至4.22ng/m³。2017年42%的监测日中苯并[a]芘（BaP）水平超过了欧盟基于健康的推荐标准1ng/m³。发现了五环和六环PAHs，包括苯并[a]蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽（Bkf）、BaP和苯并[g,h,i]苝，利用分子诊断比值和正定矩阵因子分解分析表明它们是主要成分（表明主要来自石油、生物质和煤炭燃烧）。此外，在六年期间，PM和PAHs与当地降水量显著负相关。还发现了PM和∑PAHs在时间和空间分布上具有统计学意义的差异。总PAHs的毒性当量商（TEQ）为0.70，BaP的TEQ（0.178）最高，其次是Bkf（0.090）、二苯并[a,h]蒽（Dah）（0.048）和茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘（0.034）。长期接触PAHs的儿童、青少年和成人的终生患癌风险增量中位数分别为2.74E-8、1.98E-8和1.71E-7，表明该地区空气中PAHs污染的致癌风险对当地居民来说是可接受的。敏感性分析表明，BaP、Bkf和Dah对致癌毒性有显著贡献。本研究提供了当地空气持久性有机污染物概况的综合统计数据，有助于确定主要污染源和污染物，并有助于预防区域空气污染。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12403-023-00572-x获取的补充材料。
