自我同情干预对减轻抑郁症状、焦虑和压力的影响：一项荟萃分析。
Effects of Self-Compassion Interventions on Reducing Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and Stress: A Meta-Analysis.
作者信息
Han Areum, Kim Tae Hui
机构信息
Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SHPB 339, 1720 2Nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 20 Ilsan-RoGangwon Province, Wonju, 26426 South Korea.
出版信息
Mindfulness (N Y). 2023 Jun 5:1-29. doi: 10.1007/s12671-023-02148-x.
OBJECTIVES
A growing body of evidence shows self-compassion can play a key role in alleviating depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress in various populations. Interventions fostering self-compassion have recently received increased attention. This meta-analysis aimed to identify studies that measured effects of self-compassion focused interventions on reducing depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress.
METHODS
A comprehensive search was conducted within four databases to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The quality of the included RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias tool. Either a random-effects model or fixed-effects model was used. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to types of control groups, intervention delivery modes, and the involvement of directly targeted populations with psychological distress symptoms.
RESULTS
Fifty-six RCTs met the eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses showed self-compassion focused interventions had small to medium effects on reducing depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress at the immediate posttest and small effects on reducing depressive symptoms and stress at follow-up compared to control conditions. The overall risk of bias across included RCTs was high.
CONCLUSIONS
Fewer studies were conducted to compare effects of self-compassion interventions to active control conditions. Also, fewer studies involved online self-compassion interventions than in-person interventions and directly targeted people with distress symptoms. Further high-quality studies are needed to verify effects of self-compassion interventions on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress. As more studies are implemented, future meta-analyses of self-compassion interventions may consider conducting subgroup analyses according to intervention doses, specific self-compassion intervention techniques involved, and specific comparison or control groups.
PREREGISTRATION
This study is not preregistered.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-023-02148-x.
目的
越来越多的证据表明，自我同情在减轻不同人群的抑郁症状、焦虑和压力方面可以发挥关键作用。促进自我同情的干预措施最近受到了更多关注。这项荟萃分析旨在确定测量以自我同情为重点的干预措施对减轻抑郁症状、焦虑和压力的效果的研究。
方法
在四个数据库中进行了全面检索，以确定相关的随机对照试验（RCT）。使用Cochrane协作偏倚风险工具评估纳入的RCT的质量。采用随机效应模型或固定效应模型。根据对照组类型、干预实施方式以及有心理困扰症状的直接目标人群的参与情况进行亚组分析。
结果
56项RCT符合纳入标准。荟萃分析表明，与对照条件相比，以自我同情为重点的干预措施在即时后测时对减轻抑郁症状、焦虑和压力有小到中等的效果，在随访时对减轻抑郁症状和压力有小的效果。纳入的RCT的总体偏倚风险较高。
结论
比较自我同情干预措施与积极对照条件效果的研究较少。此外，涉及在线自我同情干预的研究比面对面干预的研究少，且直接针对有困扰症状人群的研究也较少。需要进一步的高质量研究来验证自我同情干预措施对抑郁症状、焦虑和压力的效果。随着更多研究的开展，未来对自我同情干预措施的荟萃分析可能会考虑根据干预剂量、所涉及的具体自我同情干预技术以及具体的比较或对照组进行亚组分析。
预注册
本研究未进行预注册。
补充信息
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12671-023-02148-x获取的补充材料。
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