Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden/Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden/Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Mult Scler. 2023 Aug;29(9):1118-1125. doi: 10.1177/13524585231181841. Epub 2023 Jun 27.
There is some evidence implicating diet in the development of inflammatory diseases. We aimed to study the influence of dietary habits on the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS).
We used a population-based case-control study recruiting incident cases of MS (1953 cases, 3557 controls). Subjects with different dietary habits 5 years prior to MS diagnosis were compared regarding MS risk by calculating odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using logistic regression models. Adjustment was made for a large number of environmental and lifestyle habits, including ancestry, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical activity, and sun exposure habits.
Mediterranean diet was associated with lower risk of developing MS (adjusted OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.86, = 0.009), compared with Western-style diet. There was no significant association between vegetarian/vegan diet and MS risk (adjusted OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.75-1.24, = 0.976), nor between diet with low glycemic index and MS risk (adjusted OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.60-1.42, = 0.518).
Mediterranean diet may exert a protective influence regarding the risk of subsequently developing MS compared with Western-style diet.
有一些证据表明饮食与炎症性疾病的发生有关。我们旨在研究饮食习惯对多发性硬化症（MS）发病风险的影响。
我们使用基于人群的病例对照研究，招募了新诊断的 MS 病例（1953 例，3557 例对照）。通过计算逻辑回归模型中的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI），比较 MS 诊断前 5 年不同饮食习惯的受试者发生 MS 的风险。调整了大量的环境和生活方式习惯，包括祖源、吸烟、饮酒、体重指数、身体活动和阳光暴露习惯。
与西式饮食相比，地中海饮食与 MS 发病风险降低相关（调整后的 OR = 0.54，95%CI：0.34-0.86， = 0.009）。素食/纯素饮食与 MS 风险之间没有显著关联（调整后的 OR = 0.96，95%CI：0.75-1.24， = 0.976），低血糖指数饮食与 MS 风险之间也没有显著关联（调整后的 OR = 0.93，95%CI：0.60-1.42， = 0.518）。
与西式饮食相比，地中海饮食可能对随后发生 MS 的风险具有保护作用。
