Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Jun 2;16(11):1746. doi: 10.3390/nu16111746.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune condition primarily affecting young adults, and its rise is evident globally. Despite this, its precise etiology remains elusive. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to MS susceptibility; however, the link between diet and MS lacks substantial evidence due to limited large-scale studies. We exploited the UK Biobank resources to explore the nexus between diet, lifestyle, and MS risk. The dietary and lifestyle habits of MS incident cases, derived from a general food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) completed by all participants at study enrollment, were compared to those of subjects who did not develop MS during the follow-up. Our findings suggest the protective role of moderate oily fish consumption and weekly alcohol intake. Furthermore, by analyzing food intake data obtained through 24 h recall, completed by a subset of participants, we found a protective, though non-significant, trend of an increased adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD). These findings, derived from the analysis of the UK Biobank and representing an unprecedented approach for this inquiry, warrant further exploration and integration in future research.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种使人衰弱的自身免疫性疾病，主要影响年轻人，其发病率在全球范围内明显上升。尽管如此，其确切病因仍难以捉摸。遗传和环境因素都与 MS 的易感性有关；然而，由于缺乏大规模的研究，饮食与 MS 之间的联系缺乏实质性证据。我们利用英国生物库资源来探讨饮食、生活方式与 MS 风险之间的关系。从所有参与者在研究入组时完成的一般食物频率问卷（FFQ）中得出的 MS 发病病例的饮食和生活习惯与在随访期间未发生 MS 的受试者进行了比较。我们的研究结果表明，适量食用油性鱼类和每周饮酒可能具有保护作用。此外，通过分析一部分参与者通过 24 小时回忆完成的食物摄入数据，我们发现遵循地中海饮食（MD）的程度增加具有保护作用，但没有统计学意义。这些来自英国生物库分析的结果代表了对此类研究的一种前所未有的方法，值得在未来的研究中进一步探索和整合。
