Guglielmetti Monica, Ferraris Cinzia, Neri Lenycia de Cassya Lopes, Frias-Toral Evelyn, Tagliabue Anna, Tavazzi Eleonora, La Malfa Alessandro, Greco Giacomo, Bergamaschi Roberto, Zambrano-Villacres Raynier, Grosso Giuseppe
Human Nutrition Center, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensics Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Food Education and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensics Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Nutrients. 2025 Jan 31;17(3):526. doi: 10.3390/nu17030526.
: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with variable degrees of inflammation and gliosis. Diet and lifestyle factors could influence MS development and also contribute to inflammation. The current study aims to evaluate the relationship between dietary and lifestyle inflammatory potential and multiple sclerosis severity. A cross-sectional study design was employed. Data collection included demographic, neurological, and nutritional information. The Dietary Inflammatory Score (DIS) and Lifestyle Inflammatory Score (LIS) were calculated based on the reference protocol. One hundred and seven participants (69.2% female; mean age, 50.6 ± 11.6 years) completed the study. The anti-inflammatory LIS group had significantly higher proportions of normal-weight ( = 0.000) and physically active ( = 0.022) participants. A greater proportion of women exhibited an anti-inflammatory lifestyle compared to men (80% vs. 20%; = 0.023). No relation was retrieved between the DIS, LIS, and MS Severity Score (MSSS). When analyzing the single DIS components, leafy greens were associated with MS severity (OR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.50-18.74; = 0.009). Among the LIS components, "high physical activity" (OR 5.51; 95% CI, 1.66-18.30; = 0.005) and "heavy drinking" (OR 5.61; 95% CI, 1.19-26.47; = 0.029) were related to lower MS severity. : Although no differences were found in the total Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammatory Scores, some of their components might be connected with MS severity. Further intervention studies are needed to validate these findings.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种免疫介导的中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病，伴有不同程度的炎症和胶质增生。饮食和生活方式因素可能影响MS的发展，也会导致炎症。本研究旨在评估饮食和生活方式的炎症潜力与多发性硬化症严重程度之间的关系。采用横断面研究设计。数据收集包括人口统计学、神经学和营养信息。根据参考方案计算饮食炎症评分（DIS）和生活方式炎症评分（LIS）。107名参与者（69.2%为女性；平均年龄50.6±11.6岁）完成了研究。抗炎LIS组中体重正常（P = 0.000）和身体活跃（P = 0.022）的参与者比例显著更高。与男性相比，有更大比例的女性呈现抗炎生活方式（80%对20%；P = 0.023）。未发现DIS、LIS与MS严重程度评分（MSSS）之间存在关联。在分析单个DIS成分时，绿叶蔬菜与MS严重程度相关（OR 1.67；95%CI，1.50 - 18.74；P = 0.009）。在LIS成分中，“高体力活动”（OR 5.51；95%CI，1.66 - 18.3０；P = 0.005）和“大量饮酒”（OR 5.61；95%CI，1.19 - 26.47；P = 0.029）与较低的MS严重程度相关。虽然在饮食和生活方式炎症总分上未发现差异，但其某些成分可能与MS严重程度有关。需要进一步的干预研究来验证这些发现。
