Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Hangzhou Alltest Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China.
Biosensors (Basel). 2023 Jun 2;13(6):612. doi: 10.3390/bios13060612.
Cd, a major environmental pollutant, is heavily toxic to human health. Many traditional techniques are high-cost and complicated; thus, developing a simple, sensitive, convenient, and cheap monitoring approach is necessary. The aptamer can be obtained from a novel method called SELEX, which is widely used as a DNA biosensor for its easy acquisition and high affinity of the target, especially for heavy metal ions detection, such as Cd. In recent years, highly stable Cd aptamer oligonucleotides (CAOs) were observed, and electrochemical, fluorescent, and colorimetric biosensors based on aptamers have been designed to monitor Cd. In addition, the monitoring sensitivity of aptamer-based biosensors is improved with signal amplification mechanisms such as hybridization chain reactions and enzyme-free methods. This paper reviews approaches to building biosensors for inspecting Cd by electrochemical, fluorescent, and colorimetric methods. Finally, many practical applications of sensors and their implications for humans and the environment are discussed.
镉是一种主要的环境污染物，对人类健康有很大的毒性。许多传统技术成本高且复杂；因此，开发一种简单、灵敏、方便、廉价的监测方法是必要的。适体可以通过一种称为 SELEX 的新方法获得，由于其易于获取和对目标的高亲和力，它被广泛用作 DNA 生物传感器，特别是用于重金属离子检测，如 Cd。近年来，观察到高度稳定的 Cd 适体寡核苷酸（CAO），并设计了基于适体的电化学、荧光和比色生物传感器来监测 Cd。此外，基于适体的生物传感器的监测灵敏度通过杂交链式反应和无酶方法等信号放大机制得到提高。本文综述了通过电化学、荧光和比色方法构建用于检测 Cd 的生物传感器的方法。最后，讨论了传感器的许多实际应用及其对人类和环境的影响。
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