State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2020 Jan 15;148:111785. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111785. Epub 2019 Oct 15.
Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic contaminant in the environment and a serious carcinogen for the human being. The toxicity of arsenic significantly threatens environmental and human health. The effective removing technology for arsenic remains challenging, and one of the reasons is due to the lack of powerful detection method in the complex environmental matrix. There is thus an urgent need to develop novel analytical methods for arsenic, preferably with the potential for the field-testing. To combat arsenic pollution and maintain a healthy environment and eco-system, many analytical methods have been developed for arsenic detection in various samples. Among these strategies, biosensors hold great promise for rapid detection of arsenic, in particular, nanomaterials-based aptamer sensors have attracted significant attention due to their simplicity, high sensitivity and rapidness. In this paper, we reviewed the recent development and applications of aptamer sensors (aptasensors) based-on nanomaterial for arsenic detection, in particular with emphasis on the works using optical and electrochemical technologies. We also discussed the recent novel technology in aptasensors development for arsenic detection, including nucleic acid amplification for signal enhancement and device integration for the portability of arsenic sensors. We are hoping this review could inspire further researches in developing novel nanotechnologies based aptasensors for possible on-site detection of arsenic.
砷（As）是环境中一种毒性很强的污染物，也是人类的一种严重致癌物质。砷的毒性严重威胁着环境和人类健康。有效的除砷技术仍然具有挑战性，其中一个原因是缺乏复杂环境基质中强大的检测方法。因此，迫切需要开发新型的砷分析方法，最好具有现场测试的潜力。为了应对砷污染，维护健康的环境和生态系统，已经开发了许多用于各种样品中砷检测的分析方法。在这些策略中，生物传感器在砷的快速检测方面具有很大的应用前景，特别是基于纳米材料的适体传感器由于其简单、高灵敏度和快速性而受到了极大的关注。本文综述了基于纳米材料的适体传感器（aptasensors）在砷检测方面的最新进展和应用，特别是重点介绍了使用光学和电化学技术的工作。我们还讨论了适体传感器在砷检测方面的最新新型技术，包括用于信号增强的核酸扩增和用于砷传感器便携性的器件集成。我们希望这篇综述能够激发进一步研究基于新型纳米技术的适体传感器，以便对砷进行可能的现场检测。
