Sezmis Gurkan, Kaya Adem, Kaya Hatice, Macit Muhlis, Erten Kadir, Palangi Valiollah, Lackner Maximilian
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yozgat Bozok University, 66200 Yozgat, Türkiye.
Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Türkiye.
Metabolites. 2023 Jun 7;13(6):731. doi: 10.3390/metabo13060731.
The chemical composition, in vitro total gas and CH production and performance of cattle fed on factory black tea waste () (BTW), alfalfa (), sainfoin () and white clover () was investigated. The gas production was quantified at the 24th hour of the incubation process. BTW was found to vary from roughages in chemical composition ( < 0.05). In addition, the roughages differed in terms of nutrient composition and gas production ( < 0.05). In legume roughages, acetic acid (AA), propionic acid (PA), butyric acid (BA), and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) values ranged from 52.36-57.00 mmol/L, 13.46-17.20 mmol/L, 9.79-12.43 mmol/L, and 79.71-89.05 mmol/L, respectively. In comparison with black tea waste, legume roughages had higher values of AA, PA, BA, and TVFA. Black tea waste contained a higher acetic acid ratio than legume roughages when compared as a percentage. There was a similar ratio of propionic acid to the rate calculated for sainfoin () and clover (), and a similar ratio of butyric acid to the ratio determined for alfalfa (). The current study shows that the 5.7-6.3% tannin content of black tea waste can be used in ruminant rations with high-quality roughages. Due to the fact that BTW reduces methane emissions from ruminants and eliminates energy waste from them, the environment can be improved. To obtain more reliable results, further animal feeding experiments on legume roughages and BTW are required.
研究了以工厂红茶渣（BTW）、苜蓿、红豆草和白三叶为饲料的奶牛的化学成分、体外总产气量和甲烷产量及性能。在培养过程的第24小时对产气量进行了量化。发现BTW在化学成分上与粗饲料不同（P<0.05）。此外，粗饲料在营养成分和产气量方面也存在差异（P<0.05）。在豆科粗饲料中，乙酸（AA）、丙酸（PA）、丁酸（BA）和总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）值分别为52.36 - 57.00 mmol/L、13.46 - 17.20 mmol/L、9.79 - 12.43 mmol/L和79.71 - 89.05 mmol/L。与红茶渣相比，豆科粗饲料的AA、PA、BA和TVFA值更高。以百分比计算时，红茶渣中的乙酸比例高于豆科粗饲料。丙酸与红豆草和三叶草计算出的比例相似，丁酸与苜蓿确定的比例相似。当前研究表明，红茶渣5.7 - 6.3%的单宁含量可用于优质粗饲料的反刍动物日粮中。由于BTW减少了反刍动物的甲烷排放并消除了它们的能量浪费，因此可以改善环境。为了获得更可靠的结果，需要对豆科粗饲料和BTW进行进一步的动物饲养实验。
