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基于深度学习的糖尿病患者足部溃疡发病机制预测分类与特征提取

Deep Learning-Based Classification and Feature Extraction for Predicting Pathogenesis of Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes.

作者信息

Sathya Preiya V, Kumar V D Ambeth

机构信息

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College, Anna University, Chennai 600123, India.

Department of Computer Engineering, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India.

出版信息

Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Jun 6;13(12):1983. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13121983.

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified that diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent disease worldwide. Individuals with DM have a higher risk of mortality, and it is crucial to prioritize the treatment of foot ulcers, which is a significant complication associated with the disease, as they lead to the development of plantar ulcers, which results in the need to amputate part of the foot or leg. People with diabetes are at risk of experiencing various complications, such as heart disease, eye problems, kidney dysfunction, nerve damage, skin issues, foot ulcers, and dental diseases. Unawareness of the risk associated with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) is a significant contributing factor to the mortality of diabetic patients. Evolving technological advancements such as deep learning techniques can be used to predict the symptoms of diabetic foot ulcers as early as possible, which helps to provide effective treatment to DM patients. This research introduces a methodology for analyzing images of foot ulcers in diabetic patients, focusing on feature extraction and classification. The dataset used in this study was collected from historical medical records and foot images of patients with diabetes, who commonly experience foot ulcers as a major complication. The dataset was pre-processed and segmented, and features were extracted using a deep recurrent neural network (DRNN). Image and numerical/text data were extracted separately, and the normal and abnormal diabetes ranges were identified. Foot images of patients with abnormal diabetes ranges were separated and classified using a pre-trained fast convolutional neural network (PFCNN) with U++net. The classification procedure involves the analysis of foot ulcers to predict their pathogenesis. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed technique, the study presented simulation results, including a confusion matrix and receiver operating characteristic curve. These results specifically focused on predicting two classes: normal and abnormal diabetes foot ulcerations. The analysis yielded various parameters, including accuracy, precision, recall curve, and area under the curve. The main goal of the study was to introduce an novel technique for assessing the risk of foot ulceration development in patients with diabetes, leveraging the analysis of foot ulcer images. The researchers collected a dataset of foot images and medical data from historical records of patients with diabetes and pre-processed and segmented the data. They then used a deep recurrent neural network to extract features from the segmented data and identified normal and abnormal diabetes ranges based on numerical and text data. Foot images of patients with abnormal diabetes ranges were classified using a pre-trained fast convolutional neural network with U++net to examine foot ulcers and forecast the development of the risk of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). The study assessed the accuracy of the proposed technique as 99.32% by simulating results for feature extraction and the classification of diabetic foot ulcers. A comparison was made between this proposed technique and existing approaches.

摘要

世界卫生组织(WHO)已认定糖尿病(DM)是全球最普遍的疾病之一。糖尿病患者的死亡风险更高,因此将足部溃疡的治疗作为优先事项至关重要,足部溃疡是与该疾病相关的重大并发症,因为它们会导致足底溃疡的发展,进而导致需要截肢足部或腿部的部分。糖尿病患者有患各种并发症的风险,如心脏病、眼部问题、肾功能障碍、神经损伤、皮肤问题、足部溃疡和牙科疾病。对糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)相关风险的认识不足是糖尿病患者死亡的一个重要促成因素。诸如深度学习技术等不断发展的技术进步可用于尽早预测糖尿病足溃疡的症状,这有助于为糖尿病患者提供有效的治疗。本研究介绍了一种分析糖尿病患者足部溃疡图像的方法,重点是特征提取和分类。本研究中使用的数据集是从糖尿病患者的历史病历和足部图像中收集的,这些患者通常将足部溃疡作为主要并发症。对数据集进行了预处理和分割,并使用深度循环神经网络(DRNN)提取特征。分别提取图像和数值/文本数据,并确定正常和异常糖尿病范围。使用带有U++net的预训练快速卷积神经网络(PFCNN)对糖尿病范围异常患者的足部图像进行分离和分类。分类过程涉及对足部溃疡的分析以预测其发病机制。为了评估所提出技术的有效性,该研究展示了模拟结果,包括混淆矩阵和接收器操作特征曲线。这些结果特别关注预测两类:正常和异常糖尿病足部溃疡。分析得出了各种参数,包括准确率、精确率、召回率曲线和曲线下面积。该研究的主要目标是引入一种新颖的技术,通过对足部溃疡图像的分析来评估糖尿病患者足部溃疡发展的风险。研究人员从糖尿病患者的历史记录中收集了足部图像和医学数据的数据集,并对数据进行了预处理和分割。然后他们使用深度循环神经网络从分割后的数据中提取特征,并根据数值和文本数据确定正常和异常糖尿病范围。使用带有U++net的预训练快速卷积神经网络对糖尿病范围异常患者的足部图像进行分类,以检查足部溃疡并预测糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)风险的发展。通过对糖尿病足溃疡特征提取和分类的模拟结果,该研究评估所提出技术的准确率为99.32%。并将该提出的技术与现有方法进行了比较。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/95ce/10297122/6ccf1e2832e2/diagnostics-13-01983-g001.jpg

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