Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey.
Immuno-Pharmacology and Immuno-Oncology Unit, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey.
Biomolecules. 2023 Jun 13;13(6):983. doi: 10.3390/biom13060983.
Both sensory neurons and immune cells, albeit at markedly different levels, express the vanilloid (capsaicin) receptor, Transient Receptor Potential, Vanilloid-1 (TRPV1). Activation of TRPV1 channels in sensory afferent nerve fibers induces local effector functions by releasing neuropeptides (most notably, substance P) which, in turn, trigger neurogenic inflammation. There is good evidence that chronic activation or inactivation of this inflammatory pathway can modify tumor growth and metastasis. TRPV1 expression was also demonstrated in a variety of mammalian immune cells, including lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages and neutrophils. Therefore, the effects of TRPV1 agonists and antagonists may vary depending on the prominent cell type(s) activated and/or inhibited. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of TRPV1 activity on immune cells and nerve endings in distinct locations is necessary to predict the outcome of therapies targeting TRPV1 channels. Here, we review the neuro-immune modulation of cancer growth and metastasis, with focus on the consequences of TRPV1 activation in nerve fibers and immune cells. Lastly, the potential use of TRPV1 modulators in cancer therapy is discussed.
感觉神经元和免疫细胞都表达辣椒素（香草酸）受体、瞬时受体电位香草酸受体 1（TRPV1），尽管水平明显不同。感觉传入神经纤维中 TRPV1 通道的激活通过释放神经肽（尤其是 P 物质）来诱导局部效应功能，而 P 物质反过来又引发神经源性炎症。有充分的证据表明，这种炎症途径的慢性激活或失活可以改变肿瘤的生长和转移。TRPV1 在各种哺乳动物免疫细胞中也有表达，包括淋巴细胞、树突状细胞、巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞。因此，TRPV1 激动剂和拮抗剂的作用可能因激活和/或抑制的主要细胞类型而异。因此，需要全面了解 TRPV1 在不同部位的神经末梢和免疫细胞上的活性，以预测针对 TRPV1 通道的治疗的结果。在这里，我们综述了神经免疫对肿瘤生长和转移的调节，重点讨论了纤维和免疫细胞中 TRPV1 激活的后果。最后，讨论了 TRPV1 调节剂在癌症治疗中的潜在用途。
