Kukreti Neha, Chitme Havagiray R, Varshney Vinay K, Abdel-Wahab Basel A, Khateeb Masood Medleri, Habeeb Mohammed Shafiuddin
Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India.
Chemistry & Bioprospecting Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248006, India.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 May 28;12(6):1167. doi: 10.3390/antiox12061167.
There are many high-altitude plants such as that are unexplored for their possible medicinal values. The present study was conducted to examine the antioxidant activities of (SA) using in vitro and in vivo models. The SA hydro-alcoholic extracts were investigated using LC-MS for their chemical constituents. The essential oil and hydro-alcoholic extracts of SA were evaluated for pharmacological properties. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using in vitro DPPH, reducing power, cupric reducing antioxidant power, and metal chelating assays. The anti-hemolytic activity was carried out using a human blood sample. The in vivo antioxidant activities were evaluated using CCL-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity assay. The in vivo evaluation included histopathological examination, tissue biochemical evaluation such as the kidney function test, catalase activity, reduced glutathione activity, and lipid peroxidation estimation. The phytochemical investigation showed that the hydro-alcoholic extract contains multiple important active constituents such as L-carnosine, acacetin, linoleic acid, leucylleucyl tyrosine, esculin sesquihydrate, etc., similar to the components of SA essential oil reported in a previous study. The high amount of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) reflect ( < 0.001) a high level of reducing power, cupric reducing, and metal chelating properties. This significantly ( < 0.001) inhibited enlargement of the liver, with a significant reduction in ALT ( < 0.01) and AST ( < 0.001). Highly significant improvement in the functioning of the kidney was noted using the blood urea and creatinine ( < 0.001) levels. Tissue-based activities showed a major rise in catalase, reduced glutathione, and reduced lipid peroxidation activities. We conclude from this study that the occurrence of a high quantity of flavonoid and phenolic contents had strong antioxidant properties, leading to hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity. Further active constituent-specific activities should be evaluated.
有许多高原植物，比如其潜在药用价值尚未被探索。本研究旨在使用体外和体内模型检测[植物名称]（SA）的抗氧化活性。采用液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）对SA的水醇提取物进行化学成分研究。对SA的精油和水醇提取物进行药理特性评估。使用体外1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）、还原力、铜离子还原抗氧化能力和金属螯合分析来评估抗氧化性能。使用人体血液样本进行抗溶血活性检测。通过四氯化碳（CCL）诱导的肝毒性和肾毒性试验评估体内抗氧化活性。体内评估包括组织病理学检查、组织生化评估，如肾功能测试、过氧化氢酶活性、还原型谷胱甘肽活性和脂质过氧化评估。植物化学研究表明，水醇提取物含有多种重要活性成分，如L-肌肽、刺槐素、亚油酸、亮氨酰亮氨酰酪氨酸、七水合七叶苷等，与先前研究报道的SA精油成分相似。高含量的总酚含量（TPC）和总黄酮含量（TFC）反映出（P < 0.001）高水平的还原力、铜离子还原和金属螯合特性。这显著（P < 0.001）抑制了肝脏肿大，谷丙转氨酶（ALT）（P < 0.01）和谷草转氨酶（AST）（P < 0.001）显著降低。使用血尿素和肌酐（P < 0.001）水平发现肾脏功能有高度显著改善。基于组织的活性显示过氧化氢酶、还原型谷胱甘肽和脂质过氧化活性有大幅提高。我们从这项研究得出结论，大量黄酮类和酚类成分的存在具有强大的抗氧化特性，从而产生肝脏保护和肾脏保护活性。应进一步评估特定活性成分的活性。
