Stables J N, Chappell L H
Parasitology. 1986 Jun;92 ( Pt 3):699-710. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000065550.
An epidemiological survey of the distribution and abundance of Diplostomum spathaceum in farmed rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) from Mill of Cantray trout farm (Nairn, Morayshire) involved monthly sampling of fish over a 3-year period. Diplostomum metacercariae were present in both the lens and aqueous humour of infected fish, and these have been treated separately throughout the study. The infection period was normally between May and September each year and transmission of the parasite from snail to fish did not occur at temperatures below 10 degrees C. The prevalence and abundance of both lens and humour metacercariae reached a maximum in September. The cleansing and application of a molluscicide (copper sulphate) to the raceways in spring resulted in a 56% reduction in the numbers of metacercariae infecting trout during the following summer. However, no further improvement in parasite control was recorded when the treatment was repeated in the following year. Experiments using caged fish indicated that diplostomiasis was confined to certain areas of the farm only and that the infection rate of rainbow trout with D. spathaceum cercariae was correlated (P less than 0.01) with water temperature. The results of the study indicated that it is possible by regular cleaning and use of molluscicides to keep the intensity of diplostomiasis at such a level that rainbow trout do not become severely affected. However, as with other parasitic diseases, a combination of control methods will probably be required to eradicate the disease completely from trout farms.
对坎特雷磨坊鳟鱼养殖场（奈恩，莫里郡）养殖的虹鳟（萨氏虹鳟）体内匙形双腔吸虫的分布和丰度进行了一项流行病学调查，该调查在3年时间里每月对鱼进行采样。感染鱼的晶状体和眼房水中均存在双腔吸虫囊蚴，在整个研究过程中对其分别进行处理。感染期通常在每年的5月至9月之间，当温度低于10摄氏度时，寄生虫不会从蜗牛传播到鱼。晶状体和眼房水囊蚴的感染率和丰度在9月达到最高。春季在养殖池中清洁并施用杀软体动物剂（硫酸铜），使得次年夏天感染鳟鱼的囊蚴数量减少了56%。然而，次年重复该处理时，未记录到寄生虫控制方面有进一步改善。使用网箱养鱼的实验表明，双腔吸虫病仅局限于养殖场的某些区域，虹鳟被匙形双腔吸虫尾蚴的感染率与水温相关（P小于0.01）。研究结果表明，通过定期清洁和使用杀软体动物剂，有可能将双腔吸虫病的强度控制在虹鳟不会受到严重影响的水平。然而，与其他寄生虫病一样，可能需要结合多种控制方法才能从鳟鱼养殖场彻底根除该病。
