Nedić Grujin Katarina, Lužaić Tanja, Pezo Lato, Nikolovski Branislava, Maksimović Zoran, Romanić Ranko
Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Dijamant Ltd., Temišvarski drum 14, 23000 Zrenjanin, Serbia.
Foods. 2023 Jun 7;12(12):2291. doi: 10.3390/foods12122291.
Waxes, phospholipids, free fatty acids, peroxides, aldehydes, soap, trace metals and moisture present in crude sunflower oil have a negative effect on the oil quality and are, therefore, removed during the refining process. Waxes crystallizing at low temperatures are removed during winterization by cooling and filtration. Waxes have poor filtration characteristics and an industrial filtration process must be enhanced by the use of filtration aids, which improve filter cake structure and properties, and consequently prolong the filtration cycle. Today, traditional filtration aids (diatomite, perlite, etc.) being used in the industry are frequently replaced by cellulose-based aids. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of oil filtration assisted by two cellulose-based filtration aids on the chemical parameters (wax, moisture, phospholipids, soaps, and fatty acids), oil transparency, carotenoids, and Fe and Cu content of sunflower oil obtained in an industrial horizontal pressure leaf filter. In order to investigate the mentioned parameters, the following techniques were used: gravimetric (waxes and moisture content), spectrophotometric (phospholipids and carotenoid content and oil transparency), volumetric (soaps and free fatty acids content) as well as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for Fe and Cu content. An artificial neural network model (ANN) was employed for the prediction of removal efficiency based on the chemical quality, oil transparency, Fe and Cu content in oils before filtration, as well as filtration aid quantity and filtration time. Cellulose-based filtration aids had multiple beneficial effects; on average, 99.20% of waxes, 74.88% of phospholipids, 100% of soap, 7.99% of carotenoids, 16.39% of Fe and 18.33% of Cu were removed.
粗制葵花籽油中存在的蜡、磷脂、游离脂肪酸、过氧化物、醛、皂、微量金属和水分会对油的品质产生负面影响，因此在精炼过程中会被去除。低温下结晶的蜡在冬化过程中通过冷却和过滤被去除。蜡的过滤特性较差，工业过滤过程必须通过使用助滤剂来加强，助滤剂可改善滤饼结构和性能，从而延长过滤周期。如今，工业上使用的传统助滤剂（硅藻土、珍珠岩等）经常被纤维素基助滤剂所取代。本研究的目的是考察两种纤维素基助滤剂辅助油过滤对在工业卧式压叶滤机中获得的葵花籽油的化学参数（蜡、水分、磷脂、皂和脂肪酸）、油透明度、类胡萝卜素以及铁和铜含量的影响。为了研究上述参数，采用了以下技术：重量法（蜡和水分含量）、分光光度法（磷脂和类胡萝卜素含量以及油透明度）、容量法（皂和游离脂肪酸含量）以及电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定铁和铜含量。基于过滤前油中的化学品质、油透明度、铁和铜含量以及助滤剂用量和过滤时间，采用人工神经网络模型（ANN）预测去除效率。纤维素基助滤剂具有多种有益效果；平均而言，99.20%的蜡、74.88%的磷脂、100%的皂、7.99%的类胡萝卜素、16.39%的铁和18.33%的铜被去除。
