Lužaić Tanja, Nedić Grujin Katarina, Pezo Lato, Nikolovski Branislava, Maksimović Zoran, Romanić Ranko
Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Dijamant Ltd., Temišvarski drum 14, 23000 Zrenjanin, Serbia.
Foods. 2024 Sep 19;13(18):2960. doi: 10.3390/foods13182960.
In the production of refined sunflower oil, waxes are removed during the winterization stage, and wax crystals are separated through filtration assisted by filtration aids. Commonly used filtration aids in oil refining include perlite and diatomaceous earth. After winterization, a significant amount of filter cake remains as a by-product and is treated as waste. Today, natural cellulose fibers are being promoted as filtration aids. Their advantages are numerous, both in the production process and from an environmental perspective. However, their only disadvantage is their higher cost. Therefore, in this study, 57 filtration cycles during the industrial sunflower oil winterization step using cellulose-based filtration aids were monitored. Different process parameters, including the pressure differential on the filter, the flow rate of filtered oil, constant pressure period, the quantity of filtered oil, filtration time, the quantity of pre-coating and dosing filtration aids, the volume of filtered oil, the concentration of dosing filtration aid, as well as the mass of separated waxes, were observed. Additionally, artificial neural networks were applied to predict process parameters, optimize the process, and, above all, determine the dosage of filtration aids, which will make the process more economical. The optimal filtration process is performed at a pressure differential of 3.3 bar, lasting a total of 39 h, with 32 h at constant pressure, resulting in 322,503 kg of filtered oil and 90.41 kg of waxes. The optimal quantity of cellulose-based filtration aids employed for pre-coat was 80 kg, and for dosing, 375 kg, with an optimal concentration of 0.12% .
在精炼葵花籽油的生产过程中，蜡质在冬化阶段被去除，蜡晶通过助滤剂辅助过滤进行分离。炼油中常用的助滤剂包括珍珠岩和硅藻土。冬化后，大量滤饼作为副产品残留并被当作废物处理。如今，天然纤维素纤维正被推广用作助滤剂。它们在生产过程和环境方面都有诸多优点。然而，其唯一的缺点是成本较高。因此，在本研究中，监测了工业葵花籽油冬化步骤中使用纤维素基助滤剂的57个过滤周期。观察了不同的工艺参数，包括过滤器上的压差、过滤油的流速、恒压期、过滤油的量、过滤时间、预涂和添加助滤剂的量、过滤油的体积、添加助滤剂的浓度以及分离出的蜡的质量。此外，应用人工神经网络来预测工艺参数、优化工艺，最重要的是确定助滤剂的用量，这将使工艺更经济。最佳过滤工艺在3.3巴的压差下进行，总共持续39小时，其中恒压32小时，得到322,503千克过滤油和90.41千克蜡。用于预涂的纤维素基助滤剂的最佳用量为80千克，添加用量为375千克，最佳浓度为0.12%。
