Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile.
Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 13;24(12):10083. doi: 10.3390/ijms241210083.
Many diseases and degenerative processes affecting the nervous system and peripheral organs trigger the activation of inflammatory cascades. Inflammation can be triggered by different environmental conditions or risk factors, including drug and food addiction, stress, and aging, among others. Several pieces of evidence show that the modern lifestyle and, more recently, the confinement associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to increasing the incidence of addictive and neuropsychiatric disorders, plus cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we gather evidence on how some of these risk factors are implicated in activating central and peripheral inflammation contributing to some neuropathologies and behaviors associated with poor health. We discuss the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the generation of inflammation and how these processes occur in different cells and tissues to promote ill health and diseases. Concomitantly, we discuss how some pathology-associated and addictive behaviors contribute to worsening these inflammation mechanisms, leading to a vicious cycle that promotes disease progression. Finally, we list some drugs targeting inflammation-related pathways that may have beneficial effects on the pathological processes associated with addictive, mental, and cardiometabolic illnesses.
许多影响神经系统和外周器官的疾病和退行性过程会引发炎症级联反应的激活。炎症可以由不同的环境条件或风险因素触发，包括药物和食物成瘾、压力和衰老等。有几项证据表明，现代生活方式，以及最近与 COVID-19 大流行相关的禁闭，导致成瘾和神经精神疾病以及心血管代谢疾病的发病率上升。在这里，我们收集了一些证据，说明这些风险因素如何参与激活中枢和外周炎症，从而导致一些与健康状况不佳相关的神经病理学和行为。我们讨论了目前对涉及炎症产生的细胞和分子机制的理解，以及这些过程如何在不同的细胞和组织中发生，以促进不健康和疾病。同时，我们讨论了一些与病理学相关的成瘾行为如何加剧这些炎症机制，导致一个恶性循环，从而促进疾病进展。最后，我们列出了一些针对炎症相关途径的药物，这些药物可能对与成瘾、精神和心血管代谢疾病相关的病理过程有有益的影响。
