Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan.
Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 15;15(12):2759. doi: 10.3390/nu15122759.
Lactoferrin (LF) is a glycoprotein found in mammalian milk, and lactoferricin is a peptide derived from LF hydrolysate. Both LF and lactoferricin (LFcin) have diverse functions that could benefit mammals. Bovine LF (BLF) and BLFcin exhibit a wide range of antimicrobial activities, but most probiotic strains are relatively resistant to their antibacterial effects. BLF and BLF hydrolysate can promote the growth of specific probiotics depending on the culture conditions, the dose of BLF or BLF-related peptides, and the probiotic strains used. BLF supplementation has been shown to modulate several central molecular pathways or genes in GG under cold conditions, which may explain the prebiotic roles of BLF. LF alone or in combination with selected probiotics can help control bacterial infections or metabolic disorders, both in animal studies and in human clinical trials. Various LF-expressing probiotics, including those expressing BLF, human LF, or porcine LF, have been developed to facilitate the combination of LFs with specific probiotics. Supplementation with LF-expressing probiotics has positive effects in animal studies. Interestingly, inactivated LF-expressing probiotics significantly improved diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a mouse model. This review highlights the accumulated evidence supporting the use of LF in combination with selected LF-resistant probiotics or LF-expressing probiotics in the field.
乳铁蛋白（LF）是一种存在于哺乳动物乳汁中的糖蛋白，乳铁蛋白肽是 LF 水解物衍生的肽。LF 和乳铁蛋白肽（LFcin）都具有多种功能，这些功能可能对哺乳动物有益。牛乳铁蛋白（BLF）和 BLFcin 表现出广泛的抗菌活性，但大多数益生菌菌株对其抗菌作用相对具有抗性。BLF 和 BLF 水解物可以根据培养条件、BLF 或 BLF 相关肽的剂量以及使用的益生菌菌株来促进特定益生菌的生长。BLF 补充剂已被证明可以调节冷条件下 GG 中的几种核心分子途径或基因，这可能解释了 BLF 的益生元作用。LF 单独或与选定的益生菌联合使用可以帮助控制细菌感染或代谢紊乱，无论是在动物研究还是在人类临床试验中。已经开发了各种表达 LF 的益生菌，包括表达 BLF、人 LF 或猪 LF 的益生菌，以促进 LF 与特定益生菌的结合。在动物研究中，补充表达 LF 的益生菌具有积极影响。有趣的是，失活的表达 LF 的益生菌在小鼠模型中显著改善了饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）。本综述强调了支持在该领域中使用 LF 与选定的 LF 抗性益生菌或表达 LF 的益生菌联合使用的累积证据。
