Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Kaćanskog 13, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia.
Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 16;15(12):2777. doi: 10.3390/nu15122777.
Diet during pregnancy is one of the most important nutritional challenges associated with some risks for the mother and the fetus. For the first time, the study aims to estimate long-term (2018-2022) exposure to nitrate and phosphates in Serbian pregnant women, based on individual consumption data and accurate values measured in frequently consumed meat products. For this purpose, seven types of meat products, consisting of 3047 and 1943 samples, were collected from retail markets across Serbia, to analyze nitrites and phosphorus content, respectively. These data were combined with meat product consumption data from the Serbian National Food Consumption Survey to assess dietary intake of nitrites and phosphate. The results were compared with the acceptable daily intake (ADI) proposed by the European Food Safety Authority. The average dietary exposure (EDI) to phosphorus ranged from 0.733 mg/kg bw/day (liver sausage and pate) to 2.441 mg/kg bw/day (finely minced cooked sausages). Considering nitrite intake, the major sources were bacon (0.030 mg/kg bw/day) and coarsely minced cooked sausages (0.0189 mg/kg bw/day). In our study, average nitrite and phosphorus exposure in the Serbian pregnant women population are far below the EFSA recommendations (ADI 0.07 mg/kg bw/day and 40 mg/kg bw/day, respectively).
孕期饮食是与母亲和胎儿某些风险相关的最重要营养挑战之一。本研究首次基于个体消费数据和频繁消费的肉类产品中的准确值，估计塞尔维亚孕妇硝酸盐和磷酸盐的长期（2018-2022 年）暴露情况。为此，从塞尔维亚各地的零售市场收集了七种肉类产品，包括 3047 个和 1943 个样本，分别分析亚硝酸盐和磷含量。这些数据与塞尔维亚国家食品消费调查的肉类产品消费数据相结合，以评估硝酸盐和磷酸盐的饮食摄入量。结果与欧洲食品安全局提出的可接受日摄入量（ADI）进行了比较。磷的平均膳食暴露（EDI）范围从 0.733 毫克/千克 bw/天（肝香肠和肉酱）到 2.441 毫克/千克 bw/天（精细切碎的熟香肠）。考虑到亚硝酸盐的摄入量，主要来源是培根（0.030 毫克/千克 bw/天）和粗切碎的熟香肠（0.0189 毫克/千克 bw/天）。在我们的研究中，塞尔维亚孕妇人群的平均亚硝酸盐和磷暴露量远低于 EFSA 的建议（ADI 分别为 0.07 毫克/千克 bw/天和 40 毫克/千克 bw/天）。
