细胞外囊泡与感染：从被劫持的机制到治疗工具

Extracellular Vesicles and Infection: From Hijacked Machinery to Therapeutic Tools.

作者信息

Gonçalves Diogo, Pinto Sandra N, Fernandes Fábio

机构信息

iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.

Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.

出版信息

Pharmaceutics. 2023 Jun 15;15(6):1738. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061738.

DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics15061738

PMID:37376186

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10305492/

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) comprise a broad range of secreted cell-derived membrane vesicles. Beyond their more well-characterized role in cell communication, in recent years, EVs have also been shown to play important roles during infection. Viruses can hijack the biogenesis of exosomes (which are small EVs) to promote viral spreading. Additionally, these exosomes are also important mediators in inflammation and immune responses during both bacterial and viral infections. This review summarizes these mechanisms while also describing the impact of bacterial EVs in regulating immune responses. Finally, the review also focuses on the potential and challenges of using EVs, in particular, to tackle infectious diseases.

摘要

细胞外囊泡（EVs）包括多种分泌的源自细胞的膜囊泡。除了在细胞通讯中更具特征的作用外，近年来，EVs在感染过程中也发挥着重要作用。病毒可以劫持外泌体（一种小的EVs）的生物发生过程以促进病毒传播。此外，这些外泌体在细菌和病毒感染期间的炎症和免疫反应中也是重要的介质。本综述总结了这些机制，同时也描述了细菌EVs在调节免疫反应中的作用。最后，本综述还重点探讨了使用EVs，特别是用于应对传染病的潜力和挑战。