Environmental Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
Industrial Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
J Mater Chem B. 2023 Jul 26;11(29):6762-6781. doi: 10.1039/d3tb00451a.
Since 1970, many artificial enzymes that imitate the activity and structure of natural enzymes have been discovered. Nanozymes are a group of nanomaterials with enzyme-mimetic properties capable of catalyzing natural enzyme processes. Nanozymes have attracted great interest in biomedicine due to their excellent stability, rapid reactivity, and affordable cost. The enzyme-mimetic activities of nanozymes may be modulated by numerous parameters, including the oxidative state of metal ions, pH, hydrogen peroxide (HO) level, and glutathione (GSH) concentration, indicating the tremendous potential for biological applications. This article delivers a comprehensive overview of the advances in the knowledge of nanozymes and the creation of unique and multifunctional nanozymes, and their biological applications. In addition, a future perspective of employing the as-designed nanozymes in biomedical and diagnostic applications is provided, and we also discuss the barriers and constraints for their further therapeutic use.
自 1970 年以来，人们发现了许多模仿天然酶活性和结构的人工酶。纳米酶是一类具有酶模拟特性的纳米材料，能够催化天然酶的反应过程。由于其出色的稳定性、快速的反应性和可负担的成本，纳米酶在生物医学领域引起了极大的关注。纳米酶的酶模拟活性可以通过许多参数进行调节，包括金属离子的氧化态、pH 值、过氧化氢 (HO) 水平和谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 浓度，这表明其在生物应用方面具有巨大的潜力。本文全面概述了纳米酶的研究进展和独特多功能纳米酶的制备，以及它们在生物学中的应用。此外，还对设计的纳米酶在生物医学和诊断应用中的未来前景进行了展望，并讨论了它们进一步治疗应用的障碍和限制。
