Wu Xiaoqin, You Xu, Pu Jinyuan, Li Junping, Wu Wenzhi, Ma Xiao, Long Qing, Zhang Yunqiao, Zhao Xinling, Guo Zeyi, Cao Xiang, Tu Fangjun, Zeng Yong
Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Department of Psychiatry, Honghe Second People's Hospital, Honghe, China.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jun 13;14:1176970. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1176970. eCollection 2023.
There are not enough nurses around the world, and there are even fewer male nurses. It has not been easy for men to become nurses because of stereotypes about the roles of men and women in the workplace, which lead to prejudice and discrimination. This study explored how the self-esteem of male nurses and male nursing students affects their professional identity in an environment where stereotypes and social prejudice exist. This study also examined the differences of relevant variables in different sociodemographic characteristics of the research subjects in a Chinese social context.
By purposive and snowball sampling, 464 male nurses and male nursing students were surveyed through questionnaires from November 2021 to January 2022. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS Macro 3.3.
Self-esteem could indirectly affect professional identity through perceived prejudice and psychological distress. Nonetheless, self-esteem still had a significant direct effect on professional identity. The total mediating effect accounted for 32.816% of the total effect, and the direct effect accounted for 67.184% of the total effect. Also of note was that 81.7% of participants reported experiencing psychological distress.
To improve the professional identity of male nurses and male nursing students, nursing educators and administrators should do the following: protect and improve their self-esteem; take steps to reduce social prejudice against them; value their mental health and alleviate their psychological distress.
全球护士数量不足，男护士更是稀缺。由于职场中对男女角色的刻板印象，男性成为护士并非易事，这些刻板印象会导致偏见和歧视。本研究探讨了在存在刻板印象和社会偏见的环境中，男护士和男护生的自尊如何影响他们的职业认同。本研究还考察了在中国社会背景下，研究对象不同社会人口学特征中相关变量的差异。
通过立意抽样和滚雪球抽样，于2021年11月至2022年1月期间，对464名男护士和男护生进行问卷调查。使用SPSS 25.0和PROCESS Macro 3.3进行数据分析。
自尊可通过感知到的偏见和心理困扰间接影响职业认同。尽管如此，自尊对职业认同仍有显著的直接影响。总中介效应占总效应的32.816%，直接效应占总效应的67.184%。还值得注意的是，81.7%的参与者报告经历过心理困扰。
为提高男护士和男护生的职业认同，护理教育工作者和管理人员应做到以下几点：保护和提高他们的自尊；采取措施减少社会对他们的偏见；重视他们的心理健康并减轻他们的心理困扰。
