Charlton A, Pearson D, Morris-Jones P H
Soc Sci Med. 1986;22(12):1337-46. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(86)90097-3.
Great advances have been made in recent years in the treatment of children's cancers. Consequently, increasing numbers are now returning to school. The pilot study described in this paper looks at the problems experienced by some of these children, their teachers and parents, and some of the solutions which have been found, with a view to eventually taking some action to help the situation. The results are based on detailed studies of 16 children who had all been off treatment for two or more years and had therefore returned to school on a normal full-time basis. Parents and teachers were interviewed. The preparation for the return to school, reintegration problems including general physical, academic, psychological and behavioural ones, schoolmates' reactions, siblings' reactions, and the teachers, and parents, suggestions for how these might be alleviated are considered. Five important factors emerged especially clearly: Children whose treatment absence was right at the start of their schooling had particularly severe problems in integrating into school. Children at secondary schools had special anxieties about their school-work, especially Mathematics, which leads to consideration of the whole problem of teaching during absence from school. Some children are having severe problems in obtaining efficient prostheses. Whilst classmates were usually welcoming or unconcerned, much teasing was experienced from children in other classes, particularly in secondary schools. Whilst attention is focused on the sick child, siblings are developing severe problems of their own which need special attention. Most teachers and parents would have welcomed advice on or help with these problems and it is hoped that, when a larger scale study has clarified the finer points, some systems for helping will be devised.
近年来儿童癌症的治疗取得了巨大进展。因此，现在越来越多的患儿重返校园。本文所述的试点研究着眼于其中一些儿童、他们的教师和家长所经历的问题，以及已找到的一些解决办法，以期最终采取行动改善这种状况。研究结果基于对16名儿童的详细研究，这些儿童均已结束治疗两年或更长时间，因此已正常全日制返校。研究人员对家长和教师进行了访谈。研究考虑了返校准备情况、重返校园的问题，包括一般身体、学业、心理和行为方面的问题、同学的反应、兄弟姐妹的反应，以及教师和家长对于如何缓解这些问题的建议。五个重要因素尤其明显地显现出来：在上学伊始就开始接受治疗的儿童在融入学校方面存在特别严重的问题。中学生对学业，尤其是数学，有特殊的焦虑，这引发了对缺课期间教学整体问题的思考。一些儿童在获取高效假肢方面存在严重问题。虽然同班同学通常表示欢迎或漠不关心，但他们却遭到其他班级儿童，尤其是中学生的大量取笑。当注意力集中在患病儿童身上时，兄弟姐妹自身也出现了严重问题，需要特别关注。大多数教师和家长本会欢迎就这些问题提供建议或帮助，希望在大规模研究澄清细节之后，能够设计出一些帮助体系。
