Pawankar Ruby, Thong Bernard Y, Recto Marysia T, Wang Jiu-Yao, Abdul Latiff Amir Hamzah, Leung Ting-Fan, Li Philip H, Lobo Rommel Crisenio M, Lucas Michela, Oh Jae-Won, Kamchaisatian Wasu, Nagao Mizuho, Rengganis Iris, Udwadia Zarir F, Dhar Raja, Munkhbayarlakh Sonomjamts, Narantsetseg Logii, Pham Duy L, Zhang Yuan, Zhang Luo
Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
Asia Pac Allergy. 2023 Mar;13(1):44-49. doi: 10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000021. Epub 2023 Apr 28.
Climate change and environmental factors such as air pollution and loss of biodiversity are known to have a major impact not only on allergic diseases but also on many noncommunicable diseases. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in many environmental changes during the different phases of the pandemic. The use of face masks, enhanced hand hygiene with hand rubs and sanitizers, use of personal protective equipment (gowns and gloves), and safe-distancing measures, reduced the overall incidence of respiratory infections and other communicable diseases. Lockdowns and border closures resulted in a significant reduction in vehicular traffic and hence environmental air pollution. Paradoxically, the use of personal protective equipment and disposables contributed to an increase in environmental waste disposal and new problems such as occupational dermatoses, especially among healthcare workers. Environmental changes and climate change over time may impact the exposome, genome, and microbiome, with the potential for short- and long-term effects on the incidence and prevalence of the allergic disease. The constant use and access to mobile digital devices and technology disrupt work-life harmony and mental well-being. The complex interactions between the environment, genetics, immune, and neuroendocrine systems may have short- and long-term impact on the risk and development of allergic and immunologic diseases in the future.
众所周知，气候变化以及空气污染和生物多样性丧失等环境因素不仅对过敏性疾病，而且对许多非传染性疾病都有重大影响。2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在疫情的不同阶段导致了许多环境变化。使用口罩、通过洗手液和消毒剂加强手部卫生、使用个人防护装备（防护服和手套）以及保持社交距离措施，降低了呼吸道感染和其他传染病的总体发病率。封锁和边境关闭导致车辆交通显著减少，从而减少了环境空气污染。矛盾的是，个人防护装备和一次性用品的使用导致环境废物处理增加，并引发了新的问题，如职业性皮肤病，尤其是在医护人员中。随着时间的推移，环境变化和气候变化可能会影响暴露组、基因组和微生物组，对过敏性疾病的发病率和患病率产生短期和长期影响。持续使用和接触移动数字设备及技术会破坏工作与生活的和谐以及心理健康。环境、遗传、免疫和神经内分泌系统之间的复杂相互作用可能会对未来过敏性和免疫性疾病的风险及发展产生短期和长期影响。
