Antihyperglycemic and anti-type 2 diabetic activity of marine hydroquinone isolated from brown algae ().

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Brown algae () extract (DP) presented high inhibitory potential against α-amylase. The present study aims to isolate, purify and evaluate the antihyperglycemic and anti-type 2 diabetic activities of marine hydroquinone from DP.

METHODS

Marine hydroquinones were isolated using silica gel, HPLC, and NMR spectroscopy was used to identify compound 1 and compound 2 as zonarol and isozonarol, respectively. The anti-hyperglycemic and anti-type 2 diabetic activities of zonarol were investigated by assay (α-amylase, α-glucosidase), Lineweaver-Burk plot and Type 2 diabetes mellitus model (T2DM) mice induced by streptozotocin (STZ).

RESULT

Zonarol had the highest content and the strongest inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC value of 6.03 mg L) and α-amylase (IC value of 19.29 mg L) in a competitive inhibition and mix-type manner, respectively. The maltose and starch loading tests revealed that zonarol significantly reduced postprandial glycemia after 30 min loading (9.12 and 8.12 mg/dL, respectively), compared to normal (11.37 and 12.37 mg/dL, respectively). Zonarol exhibited pancreatic islet cell rejuvenation, as evidenced by increased pancreatic islet mass, and hence helps in the restoration of insulin levels and therefore improves the glucose metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Zonarol treatment in T2DM elevated abundant levels of main SCFAs (propionate, butyrate, and valeric acid), which are closely related to glucose metabolism homeostasis.

CONCLUSION

Our finding indicates that zonarol could be used as a food supplement to treat hyperglycemia and diabetes.