孕期和哺乳期母体暴露于甲基苯丙胺后褪黑素对BALB/c小鼠雄性后代睾丸及精子参数的影响

Effect of melatonin on male offspring testis and sperm parameters in BALB/c mice after exposing their mother to METHamphetamine during pregnancy and lactation.

作者信息

Ghorbani Fatemeh, Karimi Sareh, Boustan Arad, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan Alireza, Saburi Ehsan

机构信息

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

出版信息

Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2023;26(7):777-784. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.69608.15158.

DOI:10.22038/IJBMS.2023.69608.15158

PMID:37396947

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10311975/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychostimulant that has harmful effects on all organs, the nervous system, cardiovascular system, and reproductive system. Since many METH consumers are young people of reproductive age, it poses a risk to the next generation of METH consumers. METH can pass through the placenta and is also secreted into breast milk. Melatonin (MLT) is the primary hormone of the pineal gland that regulates the circadian cycle, and it is also an antioxidant that can mitigate the effects of toxic substances. This study aims to investigate the protective effect of melatonin against the detrimental effects that METH has on the reproductive system of male newborns, whose mothers consumed METH during pregnancy and lactation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In the current study, 30 female adult balb/c mice were divided into three groups: control group, vehicle group that received normal saline, and the experimental group that received 5 mg/kg METH intraperitoneally during gestation and lactation. After lactation, the male offspring of each group were randomly divided into two subgroups, one of which received 10 mg/kg melatonin intragastrically for 21 days (corresponding to the lactation period of the mice) (METH-MLT) and the other did not (METH -D.W). After treatment, the mice were sacrificed and testicular tissue and epididymis were obtained for the following tests.

RESULTS

The diameter of seminiferous tubules, SOD activity, total Thiol groups concentration, catalase activity, sperm count, and PCNA and CCND gene expression were significantly increased in the METH-MLT group compared with the METH-DW. Apoptotic cells and MDA level ameliorated in the METH-MLT group compared with METH-D.W, and testicular weight had no notable change.

CONCLUSION

The current study represents that consumption of METH during pregnancy and lactation can have adverse effects on the histological and biochemical factors of testis and sperm parameters of male newborns, which can be mitigated by taking melatonin after the end of the breastfeeding period.

摘要

目的

甲基苯丙胺（METH）是一种精神兴奋剂，对所有器官、神经系统、心血管系统和生殖系统都有有害影响。由于许多甲基苯丙胺使用者是育龄年轻人，它对下一代甲基苯丙胺使用者构成风险。甲基苯丙胺可穿过胎盘，也会分泌到母乳中。褪黑素（MLT）是松果体的主要激素，调节昼夜节律，它也是一种抗氧化剂，可减轻有毒物质的影响。本研究旨在探讨褪黑素对甲基苯丙胺对雄性新生儿生殖系统的有害影响的保护作用，这些新生儿的母亲在怀孕和哺乳期间使用了甲基苯丙胺。

材料与方法

在本研究中，30只成年雌性balb/c小鼠分为三组：对照组、接受生理盐水的赋形剂组和在妊娠和哺乳期间腹腔注射5mg/kg甲基苯丙胺的实验组。哺乳后，每组的雄性后代随机分为两个亚组，其中一个亚组在21天内（对应小鼠的哺乳期）接受10mg/kg褪黑素灌胃（METH-MLT），另一个亚组不接受（METH-D.W）。治疗后，处死小鼠，获取睾丸组织和附睾进行以下检测。

结果

与METH-DW组相比，METH-MLT组的生精小管直径、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、总巯基浓度、过氧化氢酶活性、精子计数以及增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）和细胞周期蛋白D（CCND）基因表达均显著增加。与METH-D.W组相比，METH-MLT组的凋亡细胞和丙二醛（MDA）水平有所改善，睾丸重量无明显变化。