Bax R P, Dawson A F, Mullinger B M, Dash C H
Curr Med Res Opin. 1979;5(10):772-8. doi: 10.1185/03007997909109012.
Cefuroxime is a new parenteral antibiotic with a wider spectrum of activity than earlier cephalosporins and is particularly active against Haemophilus influenzae, including strains resistant to ampicillin due to beta-lactamase production. From 18 centres, 274 patients suffering with 275 infections were treated with cefuroxime sodium using the standard regimen of 750 mg 8-hourly by intramuscular injection. The clinical results showed a 90% success rate in the patients with bronchopneumonia (105), 91% in patients with post-operative pneumonia (74), and 89% in the patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (96). Renal function was closely monitored during therapy, and no adverse changes attributable to cefuroxime therapy were seen in any patient, including those who also received frusemide. Two patients (0.7%) developed a rash, although 8 penicillin-allergic patients were treated without incident. From these studies, it can be concluded that 750 mg cefuroxime 8-hourly is effective in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. It is suggested that the attributes of this antibiotic may offer several advantages over existing therapies.
头孢呋辛是一种新型的胃肠外使用的抗生素，其抗菌谱比早期的头孢菌素更广，尤其对流感嗜血杆菌具有活性，包括因产生β-内酰胺酶而对氨苄西林耐药的菌株。来自18个中心的274例患有275种感染的患者接受了头孢呋辛钠治疗，采用每8小时肌内注射750mg的标准方案。临床结果显示，支气管肺炎患者（105例）的成功率为90%，术后肺炎患者（74例）的成功率为91%，慢性支气管炎急性加重患者（96例）的成功率为89%。治疗期间密切监测肾功能，包括那些同时接受速尿治疗的患者在内，任何患者均未出现归因于头孢呋辛治疗的不良变化。2例患者（0.7%）出现皮疹，尽管8例青霉素过敏患者接受治疗未发生意外情况。从这些研究可以得出结论，每8小时750mg头孢呋辛对治疗下呼吸道感染有效。有人认为，这种抗生素的特性可能比现有疗法具有若干优势。
