Hospital 9 de Julho, Digestive Endoscopy Service - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Postgradute Program - Curitiba (PR), Brazil.
Arq Bras Cir Dig. 2023 Jun 30;36:e1733. doi: 10.1590/0102-672020230015e1733. eCollection 2023.
Colorectal cancer is among the most common malignancies worldwide. Colonoscopy is the examination of choice for the prevention of CRC because of its great diagnostic and, especially, therapeutic capacity in relation to adenomatous lesions.
This study aimed to analyze the prevalence, macroscopic, and histological characteristics of polypoid rectal lesions resected through endoscopic techniques and assess whether endoscopic therapy is safe and efficient for treating lesions located in the rectum.
This is a retrospective observational study with an analysis of the medical records of all patients undergoing resection of rectal polyps.
A total of 123 patients with rectal lesions were evaluated, with 59 men and 64 women of mean age 56 years. All patients underwent endoscopic resection: 70% with polypectomy and 30% with wide mucosectomy. Complete colonoscopy with removal of the entire rectal lesion occurred in 91%, while in 5% the preparation was inadequate and poor clinical conditions were an impeditive factor, and in 4% surgical treatment was indicated because there was an infiltrative lesion with central ulceration. Histological evaluation showed adenomas in 3.25%, hyperplasia in 7.32%, and hamartoma in 0.81%; low-grade dysplasia was identified in 34.96%, high-grade dysplasia in 51.22%, and adenocarcinoma in 1.63%, while one case (0.81%) was classified as erosion.
Polyps in the rectum are common and were found in 37% of these colonoscopies. Adenomas with dysplasia were the most common form of Colorectal cancer . Therapeutic colonoscopy proved to be a safe and efficient method for the complete treatment of rectal lesions.
结直肠癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。由于其在诊断方面的巨大能力，尤其是在腺瘤性病变方面的治疗能力，结肠镜检查是 CRC 预防的首选检查方法。
本研究旨在分析经内镜技术切除的息肉状直肠病变的流行率、大体和组织学特征，并评估内镜治疗对直肠病变的安全性和有效性。
这是一项回顾性观察性研究，对所有接受直肠息肉切除术的患者的病历进行了分析。
共评估了 123 例直肠病变患者，其中 59 例为男性，64 例为女性，平均年龄为 56 岁。所有患者均接受内镜切除术：70%行息肉切除术，30%行广泛黏膜切除术。91%的患者完全行结肠镜检查并切除了整个直肠病变，5%的患者因准备不充分且临床状况不佳而受到阻碍，4%的患者因存在中央溃疡浸润性病变而需要手术治疗。组织学评估显示腺瘤占 3.25%，增生占 7.32%，错构瘤占 0.81%；低级别异型增生占 34.96%，高级别异型增生占 51.22%，腺癌占 1.63%，1 例（0.81%）为糜烂。
直肠息肉很常见，在这些结肠镜检查中有 37%发现了息肉。伴有异型增生的腺瘤是最常见的结直肠癌形式。治疗性结肠镜检查被证明是一种安全有效的方法，可用于完全治疗直肠病变。
