Sugiyama Mari, Norizuki Miyu, Kikuchi Shinji, Yasui Yasuo, Matsui Katsuhiro
Shimane Agricultural Technology Center, 2440 Ashiwata-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-0035, Japan.
Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Matsudo-shi, Chiba 271-8510, Japan.
Breed Sci. 2023 Apr;73(2):230-236. doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.22063. Epub 2023 May 17.
Common buckwheat () is an annual self-incompatible plant that is widely grown. The genus comprises more than 20 species, including , a perennial that, unlike common buckwheat, is highly resistant to excess water. In this study, we developed interspecific hybrids between and via embryo rescue, to improve undesirable traits of common buckwheat, such as low tolerance to excess water. The interspecific hybrids were confirmed by genomic hybridization (GISH). We also developed DNA markers to confirm the identity of the hybrids and if genes derived from each genome were inherited by the next generation. Observations of pollen indicated that the interspecific hybrids were essentially sterile. Unpaired chromosomes and abnormal segregation during meiosis were likely responsible for the pollen sterility of the hybrids. These findings could facilitate buckwheat breeding to produce lines that can withstand harsh environments with wild or related species in the genus .
普通荞麦（）是一种广泛种植的一年生自交不亲和植物。该属包含20多个物种，包括，一种多年生植物，与普通荞麦不同，它对过量水分具有高度抗性。在本研究中，我们通过胚挽救技术培育了和之间的种间杂种，以改善普通荞麦的不良性状，如对过量水分的耐受性低。通过基因组原位杂交（GISH）证实了种间杂种。我们还开发了DNA标记来确认杂种的身份，以及每个基因组衍生的基因是否被下一代遗传。花粉观察表明，种间杂种基本上是不育的。减数分裂过程中未配对的染色体和异常分离可能是杂种花粉不育的原因。这些发现有助于荞麦育种，以培育出能够耐受该属野生或近缘物种恶劣环境的品系。
