Fesenko Ivan N, Bondarev Nikolay I, Rezunova Olga V, Evsyuticheva Darya E, Fesenko Aleksey N
Lab of Buckwheat Breeding, Federal Scientific Center of Grain Legumes and Groats Crops, 302502, p/o Streletskoe, Orel, Russia.
Department of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology, Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, 302026, Komsomolskaya 95, Orel, Russia.
Breed Sci. 2022 Jun;72(3):232-237. doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.21086. Epub 2022 Jun 17.
Compared to common buckwheat (), Tartary buckwheat () is very polymorphic in the type of seeds, but a seed type which is typical for , i.e. triangular seeds with flat sides and clear ribs, has been not found among the polymorphism. However, such seed type is typical for wild species which produces fertile hybrids in crosses with . Embryo rescue based interspecific cross × allowed reveal functional allelism of the genes determining the similar morphs of these species' seeds, i.e. the seed type resulted from mutation(s) at same gene. The gene can be assigned as (triangular). Variation for the seed shell thickness among recessives for the carrying about 12% of genome, together with the shell thickness of a seed from the F hybrid × compared to ones of the parents, suggests there are some genes influencing seed shell thickness. Also, it was supported by analyses of seeds characteristics of Tartary-based forms with some share of genetic material. In addition, cross × looks like an effective tool to increase 1000-seed weight of Tartary buckwheat-based breeding material.
与普通荞麦相比，苦荞麦的种子类型具有高度多态性，但在这些多态性中未发现普通荞麦典型的种子类型，即具有扁平侧面和明显棱纹的三角形种子。然而，这种种子类型在与苦荞麦杂交能产生可育杂种的野生种中很典型。基于胚挽救的种间杂交（普通荞麦×苦荞麦）能够揭示决定这些物种种子相似形态的基因的功能等位性，即种子类型是由同一基因的突变产生的。该基因可被命名为FtT（三角形）。携带约12%普通荞麦基因组的FtT隐性个体的种子壳厚度存在变异，同时F1杂种（普通荞麦×苦荞麦）种子的壳厚度与亲本相比，表明存在一些影响种子壳厚度的基因。这也得到了对含有一定比例普通荞麦遗传物质的苦荞类型种子特征分析的支持。此外，杂交（普通荞麦×苦荞麦）似乎是增加苦荞育种材料千粒重的有效工具。
