Varrà Maria Olga, Husáková Lenka, Patočka Jan, Ianieri Adriana, Ghidini Sergio, Zanardi Emanuela
Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Italy.
Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Ital J Food Saf. 2023 Jun 8;12(2):11037. doi: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.11037.
In this study, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and total mercury (Hg) concentrations in European squids () and flying squids () from the northern Adriatic Sea (Italy) were analyzed. The risk of the Italian population being exposed to potentially hazardous metal concentrations through the consumption of these products was also assessed. Compared to European squids, flying squids showed three times higher total Hg concentrations and one hundred times higher Cd concentrations to the point that more than 6 and 25% of the samples exceeded the maximum Hg and Cd limits established by the current legislation. From the evaluation of dietary exposure levels, it emerged that the consumption of flying squids was associated with the highest Pb intake by children and, consequently, with the lower margin of exposure values in relation to the risk of neurotoxicity (margin of exposure=33). Consumption of flying squids, especially by children, was also associated with higher intakes of Cd, inorganic, and methyl-Hg, which, respectively, accounted for 156, 113, and 23% of the tolerable weekly intakes established for these contaminants at European level. The obtained results raise concern and it may be necessary to provide specific dietary advice on the moderate dietary consumption of some cephalopod species, especially to the youngest and most vulnerable segment of the population. However, besides the highly conservative deterministic method adopted in this study, a refined consumer exposure assessment should be performed through the probabilistic methodology, which is more suitable to represent the real exposure scenario.
在本研究中，分析了来自亚得里亚海北部（意大利）的欧洲鱿鱼（）和飞柔鱼（）中的铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）和总汞（Hg）浓度。还评估了意大利人群通过食用这些产品而接触潜在有害金属浓度的风险。与欧洲鱿鱼相比，飞柔鱼的总汞浓度高出三倍，镉浓度高出一百倍，以至于超过6%和25%的样本超过了现行法规规定的汞和镉的最大限量。从膳食暴露水平的评估结果来看，食用飞柔鱼与儿童摄入最高的铅量有关，因此，与神经毒性风险相关的暴露值余量较低（暴露值余量 = 33）。食用飞柔鱼，尤其是儿童食用飞柔鱼，还与较高的镉、无机汞和甲基汞摄入量有关，这些摄入量分别占欧洲层面为这些污染物设定的每周耐受摄入量的156%、113%和23%。所获得的结果令人担忧，可能有必要就适度食用某些头足类物种提供具体的饮食建议，特别是针对最年幼和最脆弱的人群。然而，除了本研究采用的高度保守的确定性方法外，还应通过概率方法进行更精细的消费者暴露评估，该方法更适合代表实际暴露情况。
