Campbell Janis E, Sedani Ami Elizabeth, Dao Hanh Dung N, Sambo Ayesha, Doescher Mark, Janitz Amanda
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 801 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104.
Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 801 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104.
J Okla State Med Assoc. 2023 Mar-Apr;116(2):62-71.
The American Cancer Society estimated 1.9 million diagnosed cancer cases and 608,570 cancer deaths in 2021 in the US; for Oklahoma, they estimated 22,820 cases and 8,610 deaths. This project aimed to demonstrate a method to systematically describe cancer in an accurate and visually attractive, yet simple to make, interpolated map using ZIP Code level registry data, as it is the smallest area unit with high accuracy using inverse distance weighting. We describe a process of creating smoothed maps with an appropriate, well-described, simple, replicable method. These smoothed maps display low (cold) or high (hot) areas of incidence rates of: (a) all cancer combined, (b) colorectal cancer and lung cancer rates by gender, (c) female breast cancer, and (d) prostate cancer, by ZIP Codes for Oklahoma from 2013-2017. The methods we present in this paper provide an effective visualization to pinpoint low (cold) or high (hot) areas of cancer incidence.
美国癌症协会估计，2021年美国有190万例确诊癌症病例和608,570例癌症死亡；对于俄克拉荷马州，他们估计有22,820例病例和8,610例死亡。本项目旨在展示一种方法，利用邮政编码级别的登记数据，在一张准确、视觉上吸引人且制作简单的插值地图中系统地描述癌症情况，因为邮政编码是使用反距离加权法时具有高精度的最小区域单位。我们描述了一个使用适当、描述清晰、简单且可复制的方法创建平滑地图的过程。这些平滑地图展示了以下发病率的低（冷）或高（热）区域：（a）所有癌症综合情况，（b）按性别划分的结直肠癌和肺癌发病率，（c）女性乳腺癌，以及（d）前列腺癌，按2013 - 2017年俄克拉荷马州的邮政编码划分。我们在本文中介绍的方法提供了一种有效的可视化方式，以确定癌症发病率的低（冷）或高（热）区域。
