喜马拉雅山西部寒冷沙漠地区不同氮、磷、钾肥水平下的可持续生产
Sustainable production of under different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in cold desert region of Western Himalaya.
作者信息
Vishvamitera Sakshi, Dhiman Diksha, Baghla Sidharth, Singh Satbeer, Kumar Manish, Kumar Ashok, Kumar Dinesh, Singh Sanatsujat, Chauhan Ramesh
机构信息
Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India.
Chemical Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India.
出版信息
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jun 20;14:1179183. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1179183. eCollection 2023.
INTRODUCTION
, an important critically endangered medicinal herb native to the Himalayan region, is commonly used in various ailments, . asthma, ulcer, inflammation, and stomach problems. In the international market, the dry roots and essential oil of has become an important drug. The lack of appropriate fertilizer dose recommendations is one of the limiting factors for its conservation and large-scale cultivation, as plant nutrition is vital in determining crop growth and productivity. The study aimed to understand the comparative impact of different levels of fertilizer nutrients on growth, dry root and essential oil yield, and essential oil profile of .
METHODS
A field experiment was conducted in Himachal Pradesh, India's cold desert region (Lahaul valley), during 2020-21. The experiment comprised three levels of nitrogen (60, 90, and 120 kg ha), three levels of phosphorus (20, 40, 60 kg ha), and two levels of potassium (20 and 40 kg ha) in a factorial randomized block design.
RESULTS
The fertilizer application had an immense effect on growth attributes, root yield attributes, dry root yield, and essential oil yield over control. The treatment combination N120, P60, and K had the largest effect on the plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length and width, root length and diameter, dry matter per plant, dry root yield, and essential oil yield. However, the results were at par with the treatment comprising N, P, and K. Dry root yield increased by 108.9%, and essential oil yield increased by 210.3% with fertilizer applications over unfertilized plots. The regression curve shows an increasing trend in dry root yield till N, P, and K; after that, it nearly stabilized. The heat map showed that applying fertilizer significantly affected the chemical constituents of essential oil. Similarly, the plots fertilized with the highest level of NPK recorded the utmost value of available N, P, and K, as compared to unfertilized plots.
DISCUSSION
The results emphasize that for sustainable cultivation of , the application of N, P, and K combinations is the most suitable one.
引言
[某种植物名称]是一种原产于喜马拉雅地区的重要的极度濒危药用植物，常用于治疗各种疾病，如哮喘、溃疡、炎症和胃部问题。在国际市场上，[该植物名称]的干燥根和精油已成为一种重要药物。缺乏合适的肥料用量建议是其保护和大规模种植的限制因素之一，因为植物营养对于决定作物生长和生产力至关重要。本研究旨在了解不同水平的肥料养分对[该植物名称]的生长、干燥根和精油产量以及精油成分的比较影响。
方法
2020 - 2021年期间，在印度寒冷沙漠地区（拉胡尔山谷）的喜马偕尔邦进行了田间试验。试验采用析因随机区组设计，包括三个氮水平（60、90和120千克/公顷）、三个磷水平（20、40、60千克/公顷）和两个钾水平（20和40千克/公顷）。
结果
与对照相比，施肥对生长性状、根产量性状、干燥根产量和精油产量有巨大影响。处理组合N120、P60和K对株高、单株叶片数、叶长和叶宽、根长和根径、单株干物质、干燥根产量和精油产量的影响最大。然而，结果与包含N、P和K的处理相当。与未施肥地块相比，施肥使干燥根产量增加了108.9%，精油产量增加了210.3%。回归曲线显示，直到施用N、P和K，干燥根产量呈上升趋势；之后，产量几乎稳定。热图显示，施肥显著影响了[该植物名称]精油的化学成分。同样，与未施肥地块相比，施用最高水平NPK的地块记录的有效氮、磷和钾含量最高。
讨论
结果强调，对于[该植物名称]的可持续种植，施用N、P和K组合是最合适的。
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