Pal Probir K, Mahajan Mitali
Agrotechnology of Medicinal, Aromatic and Commercially Important Crops, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Apr 12;8:507. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00507. eCollection 2017.
Damask rose ( Mill.) is one of the most high-value essential oil-bearing plants in the world. However, the flower yield and quality of essential oil of are largely influenced by the pruning practices and balanced supply of plant nutrition. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis whether the pruning system and foliar fertilization of MgSO would influence the flower yield, growth and secondary metabolites profile of . A field experiment of 10 treatment combinations comprising two pruning systems (complete and partial) and five levels of MgSO (water spray, MgSO @ 5.0g L, 10.0g L,15.0g L, and 20.0g L) was conducted. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with factorial arrangement. Overall, the flower yield ranged from 503.66 to 1114.47 g bush, while oil content varied from 0.039 to 0.046% of the fresh flower. Irrespective of foliar spray, partial pruning produced significantly ( ≤ 0.05) higher flower yield (893.02 and 503.66 g bush) compared with complete pruning system in both the years. Regardless of pruning system, the foliar application of MgSO @ 15.0g L registered about 26-38% higher flower yield compared with water spray control. The major constituents of essential oil were citronellol (19.75-48.88%), E-geraniol (9.63-29.6%), Z-citral (0.07-5.97%), nonadecane (6.76-22.32%), and heneicosane (2.87-10.21%). The principal component analysis revealed that the major hydrocarbons such as nonadecene, nonadecane, and heptadecane are positively and highly correlated with each others. The results suggest that higher yield and quality of can be achieved through partial pruning system in combination with foliar application MgSO under rainfed acidic conditions.
大马士革玫瑰（Rosa damascena Mill.）是世界上最具高价值的产香植物之一。然而，其花产量和精油品质在很大程度上受修剪措施和植物营养平衡供应的影响。本研究的目的是检验修剪系统和硫酸镁叶面施肥是否会影响大马士革玫瑰的花产量、生长及次生代谢产物谱这一假设。开展了一项田间试验，包括两种修剪系统（全剪和部分修剪）和五个硫酸镁水平（喷水、5.0g/L、10.0g/L、15.0g/L和20.0g/L的硫酸镁）组成的10种处理组合。试验采用析因排列的随机区组设计。总体而言，花产量在503.66至1114.47克/丛之间，而含油量在鲜花的0.039%至0.046%之间。无论叶面喷施情况如何，在这两年中，部分修剪产生的花产量（893.02和503.66克/丛）均显著（P≤0.05）高于全剪系统。无论修剪系统如何，与喷水对照相比，喷施15.0g/L的硫酸镁叶面肥使花产量提高了约26 - 38%。精油的主要成分是香茅醇（19.75 - 48.88%）、反式香叶醇（9.63 - 29.6%）、顺式柠檬醛（0.07 - 5.97%）、十九烷（6.76 - 22.32%）和二十一烷（2.87 - 10.21%）。主成分分析表明，主要碳氢化合物如十九碳烯、十九烷和十七烷之间呈正且高度相关。结果表明，在雨养酸性条件下，通过部分修剪系统结合硫酸镁叶面喷施可实现大马士革玫瑰更高的产量和品质。
