Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (D.M.C.).
Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (F.K.W.).
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2023 Sep;43(9):1617-1625. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.122.318247. Epub 2023 Jul 6.
Therapeutic approaches to reduce atherogenic lipid and lipoprotein levels remain the most effective and assessable strategies to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease. The discovery of novel research targets linked to pathways associated with cardiovascular disease development has enhanced our ability to decrease disease burden; however, residual cardiovascular disease risks remain. Advancements in genetics and personalized medicine are essential to understand some of the factors driving residual risk. Biological sex is among the most relevant factors affecting plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles, playing a pivotal role in the development of cardiovascular disease. This minireview summarizes the most recent preclinical and clinical studies covering the effect of sex on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels. We highlight the recent advances in the mechanisms regulating hepatic lipoprotein production and clearance as potential drivers of disease presentation. We focus on using sex as a biological variable in studying circulating lipid and lipoprotein levels.
降低动脉粥样硬化脂质和脂蛋白水平的治疗方法仍然是预防和治疗心血管疾病最有效和可评估的策略。与心血管疾病发展相关途径相关的新研究靶点的发现，增强了我们降低疾病负担的能力；然而，残余的心血管疾病风险仍然存在。遗传学和个性化医学的进步对于理解一些导致残余风险的因素至关重要。生物学性别是影响血浆脂质和脂蛋白谱的最相关因素之一，在心血管疾病的发展中起着关键作用。这篇迷你综述总结了最近涵盖性别对血浆脂质和脂蛋白水平影响的临床前和临床研究。我们强调了调节肝脂蛋白生成和清除的机制的最新进展，这些机制可能是疾病表现的潜在驱动因素。我们专注于将性别用作研究循环脂质和脂蛋白水平的生物学变量。
