University Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia.
Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2023 Oct;77(10):959-965. doi: 10.1038/s41430-023-01301-y. Epub 2023 Jul 6.
Both insufficient and excessive iodine intake can lead to a broad range of disorders. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess iodine status in schoolchildren from Croatia.
957 healthy 6 to 12-year-olds were enrolled (381 from northwestern region, 190 from eastern region, 215 from north Adriatic, and 171 from central Dalmatia region). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was measured in spot urine samples. Thyroid volume (Tvol) was recorded by ultrasound device. Standard anthropometric measures were taken, and body surface area (BSA) was determined. Tvol medians were calculated as a function of age, sex and BSA and compared with reference values.
Total sample size included 490 boys and 467 girls. Overall median UIC was 250.68 µg/L, with statistically significant variance in geographical regions (median UIC was 244.71 µg/L in northwestern, 208.02 µg/L in eastern, 216.07 µg/L in north Adriatic and 366.43 µg/L in central Dalmatia region). There were 10.08% of samples with UIC < 100 mcg/L while 38.24% of samples had UIC > 300 mcg/L. Age-matched Tvol medians in schoolchildren from all regions of Croatia were at the upper limits of reference values, but in north Adriatic and central Dalmatia exceeded the 97th percentile. BSA-matched Tvol was within the reference range in all regions.
Our results demonstrate sufficient (more than adequate) iodine intake in schoolchildren of Croatia, and excessive iodine intake in central Dalmatia region. Total thyroid volumes in schoolchildren of Croatia were within the normal range, however borderline enlarged age-matched thyroid glands were observed in coastal areas.
碘摄入不足或过量均可导致一系列疾病。本横断面研究旨在评估克罗地亚学龄儿童的碘营养状况。
共纳入 957 名健康 6-12 岁儿童（381 名来自西北部地区，190 名来自东部地区，215 名来自亚得里亚海北部地区，171 名来自中部达尔马提亚地区）。采集随机尿样检测尿碘浓度（UIC），使用超声设备测量甲状腺容积（Tvol）。测量标准人体学指标并计算体表面积（BSA）。Tvol 中位数按年龄、性别和 BSA 进行计算，并与参考值进行比较。
总样本量包括 490 名男孩和 467 名女孩。总体 UIC 中位数为 250.68μg/L，各地区间 UIC 存在显著差异（西北部地区 UIC 中位数为 244.71μg/L，东部地区为 208.02μg/L，亚得里亚海北部地区为 216.07μg/L，中部达尔马提亚地区为 366.43μg/L）。UIC<100μg/L 的样本占 10.08%，UIC>300μg/L 的样本占 38.24%。各地区学龄儿童 Tvol 中位数均高于参考值上限，但亚得里亚海北部和中部达尔马提亚地区超过第 97 百分位数。BSA 校正的 Tvol 在各地区均处于参考范围内。
克罗地亚学龄儿童碘摄入量充足（超过适宜量），但中部达尔马提亚地区碘摄入过量。克罗地亚学龄儿童甲状腺总体积处于正常范围，但沿海地区甲状腺体积与年龄匹配的儿童存在边界增大。
