Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China.
Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Sep;10(26):e2301980. doi: 10.1002/advs.202301980. Epub 2023 Jul 9.
Antibiotic overuse and the subsequent environmental contamination of residual antibiotics poses a public health crisis via an acceleration in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through horizontal gene transfer. Although the occurrence, distribution, and driving factors of ARGs in soils have been widely investigated, little is known about the antibiotic resistance of soilborne pathogens at a global scale. To explore this gap, contigs from 1643 globally sourced metagnomes are assembled, yielding 407 ARG-carrying pathogens (APs) with at least one ARG; APs are detected in 1443 samples (sample detection rate of 87.8%). The richness of APs is greater in agricultural soils (with a median of 20) than in non-agricultural ecosystems. Agricultural soils possess a high prevalence of clinical APs affiliated with Escherichia, Enterobacter, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus. The APs detected in agricultural soils tend to coexist with multidrug resistance genes and bacA. A global map of soil AP richness is generated, where anthropogenic and climatic factors explained AP hot spots in East Asia, South Asia, and the eastern United States. The results herein advance this understanding of the global distribution of soil APs and determine regions prioritized to control soilborne APs worldwide.
抗生素的过度使用以及残留抗生素对环境的污染，通过水平基因转移加速了抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的传播，从而对公共健康构成了危机。尽管土壤中 ARGs 的发生、分布和驱动因素已经得到了广泛的研究，但对于全球范围内土壤病原物的抗生素耐药性却知之甚少。为了探讨这一空白，对来自全球的 1643 个宏基因组进行了组装，得到了 407 个至少携带一个 ARG 的携带 ARG 的病原体（APs）；在 1443 个样本中检测到了 APs（样本检出率为 87.8%）。农业土壤中的 APs 丰富度（中位数为 20）高于非农业生态系统。农业土壤中存在大量与大肠杆菌、肠杆菌、链球菌和肠球菌相关的临床 APs。在农业土壤中检测到的 APs 往往与多药耐药基因和 bacA 共存。生成了土壤 AP 丰富度的全球图谱，其中人为和气候因素解释了东亚、南亚和美国东部的 AP 热点。本研究结果增进了对全球土壤 APs 分布的理解，并确定了在全球范围内需要优先控制土壤病原物 APs 的区域。
