Jones Sophie E, Nichols Luke, Elder Steven H, Priddy Lauren B
Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
Biomed Eng Adv. 2023 Jun;5. doi: 10.1016/j.bea.2023.100090. Epub 2023 May 13.
Long-term dental implant success is dependent on biocompatibility and osseointegration between the bone and the implant. Surface modifications such as laser-induced microgrooving which increase contact area can enhance osseointegration by establishing and directing a stable attachment between the implant surface and peri-implant bone. The objective of this study was to evaluate pre-osteoblast proliferation, morphology, and differentiation on titanium alloy (Ti64) surfaces-Laser-Lok (LL), resorbable blast textured (RBT), and machined (M)-compared to tissue culture plastic (TCP) control. We hypothesized the LL surfaces would facilitate increased cellular alignment compared to all other groups, and LL and RBT surfaces would demonstrate enhanced proliferation and differentiation compared to M and TCP surfaces. Surface roughness was quantified using a surface profilometer, and water contact angle was measured to evaluate the hydrophilicity of the surfaces. Cellular function was assessed using quantitative viability and differentiation assays and image analyses, along with qualitative fluorescent (viability and cytoskeletal) imaging and scanning electron microscopy. No differences in surface roughness were observed between groups. Water contact angle indicated LL was the least hydrophilic surface, with RBT and M surfaces exhibiting greater hydrophilicity. Cell proliferation on day 2 was enhanced on both LL and RBT surfaces compared to M, and all three groups had higher cell numbers on day 2 compared to day 1. Cell orientation was driven by the geometry of the surface modification, as cells were more highly aligned on LL surfaces compared to TCP (on day 2) and RBT (on day 3). At day 21, cell proliferation was greater on LL, RBT, and TCP surfaces compared to M, though no differences in osteogenic differentiation were observed. Collectively, our results highlight the efficacy of laser microgrooved and resorbable blast textured surface modifications of Ti64 for enhancing cellular functions, which may facilitate improved osseointegration of dental implants.
长期的牙种植体成功依赖于生物相容性以及骨与种植体之间的骨结合。诸如激光诱导微槽化等表面改性可增加接触面积，通过在种植体表面与种植体周围骨之间建立并引导稳定附着来增强骨结合。本研究的目的是评估与组织培养塑料（TCP）对照相比，前成骨细胞在钛合金（Ti64）表面——激光定位（LL）、可吸收喷砂纹理（RBT）和机械加工（M）表面上的增殖、形态和分化情况。我们假设与所有其他组相比，LL表面将促进细胞排列增加，并且与M和TCP表面相比，LL和RBT表面将表现出增强的增殖和分化。使用表面轮廓仪对表面粗糙度进行量化，并测量水接触角以评估表面的亲水性。使用定量活力和分化测定以及图像分析，以及定性荧光（活力和细胞骨架）成像和扫描电子显微镜来评估细胞功能。各实验组之间未观察到表面粗糙度的差异。水接触角表明LL是亲水性最低的表面，RBT和M表面表现出更高的亲水性。与M相比，LL和RBT表面在第2天的细胞增殖均增强，并且与第1天相比，所有三组在第2天的细胞数量均更高。细胞取向受表面改性几何形状的驱动，因为与TCP（第2天）和RBT（第3天）相比，细胞在LL表面上排列更高度有序。在第21天，与M相比，LL、RBT和TCP表面上的细胞增殖更大，尽管未观察到成骨分化的差异。总体而言，我们的结果突出了Ti64的激光微槽化和可吸收喷砂纹理表面改性在增强细胞功能方面的功效，这可能有助于改善牙种植体的骨结合。
