Jehle Dietrich, Arslan Albert, Doshi Chirag, O'Brien Clay
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.
HCA Healthc J Med. 2021 Aug 29;2(4):289-295. doi: 10.36518/2689-0216.1181. eCollection 2021.
Car safety ratings are routinely utilized in making automobile purchase decisions. These 1- to 5-star ratings are based on crash test data comparing vehicles of similar type, size and weight.
We hypothesized that car safety ratings are less important than vehicle factors such as vehicle type and weight in predicting outcomes of head-on crashes.
A retrospective study was conducted on severe head-on motor vehicle crashes entered into the FARS (Fatality Analysis Reporting System) database between 1995 and 2010. This database includes all US motor vehicle crashes that resulted in a death within 30 days of the accident. Outcomes of SUV versus passenger car and passenger car versus passenger car head-on crashes were compared by safety rating. Exclusion criteria was added to eliminate collisions with insufficient information or unbelted passengers. The paired crash results were entered into a logistic regression model with driver death as the outcome of interest.
The database contained 83,251 vehicles of any type that were involved in head-on crashes. In head-on crashes where the passenger car front driver crash rating was superior to the SUV's, the odds of death were 4.52 times higher for the driver of the passenger car (95% CI: 3.06-6.66). Ignoring crash ratings, the odds of death were 7.64 times higher for the passenger car driver (95% CI: 5.59-10.44). In passenger car versus passenger car head-on crashes, a lower car safety rating was associated with a 1.28 times higher odds of death (95% CI: 1.05-1.57). In passenger car vs. passenger car head-on crashes, each one point lower car safety rating resulted in a 1.22 times higher odds of death (95% CI: 1.03-1.44).
Vehicle type (passenger car versus SUV) is a much more important predictor of death than crash safety ratings in SUV versus passenger car head-on crashes.
汽车安全评级通常用于购车决策。这些一至五星级的评级基于对类似类型、尺寸和重量车辆的碰撞测试数据。
我们假设在预测正面碰撞结果时，汽车安全评级不如车辆类型和重量等车辆因素重要。
对1995年至2010年间录入美国国家公路交通安全管理局死亡分析报告系统（FARS）数据库的严重正面机动车碰撞事故进行了一项回顾性研究。该数据库包含了所有在事故发生后30天内导致人员死亡的美国机动车碰撞事故。通过安全评级比较了运动型多用途汽车（SUV）与乘用车以及乘用车与乘用车正面碰撞的结果。增加了排除标准以排除信息不足或乘客未系安全带的碰撞事故。将配对的碰撞结果输入以驾驶员死亡为关注结果的逻辑回归模型。
该数据库包含83251辆涉及正面碰撞的任何类型车辆。在正面碰撞中，当乘用车前驾驶员碰撞评级优于SUV时，乘用车驾驶员死亡的几率高4.52倍（95%置信区间：3.06 - 6.66）。忽略碰撞评级，乘用车驾驶员死亡的几率高7.64倍（95%置信区间：5.59 - 10.44）。在乘用车与乘用车正面碰撞中，较低的汽车安全评级与死亡几率高1.28倍相关（95%置信区间：1.05 - 1.57）。在乘用车与乘用车正面碰撞中，汽车安全评级每降低一分，死亡几率就高1.22倍（95%置信区间：1.03 - 1.44）。
在SUV与乘用车正面碰撞中，车辆类型（乘用车与SUV）比碰撞安全评级更能预测死亡情况。
