Meyer Nora, Swiatloch Anna, Dittrich Sebastian, von Oheimb Goddert
Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection Technische Universität Dresden Tharandt Germany.
Ecol Evol. 2023 Jul 8;13(7):e10268. doi: 10.1002/ece3.10268. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Lakes and their shoreline vegetation are rich in biodiversity and provide multiple functions and habitats for fauna and flora. Humans are attracted by the scenic beauty of these ecosystems and the possibilities for recreational activities they offer. However, the use of lakes for recreational activities can lead to disturbance of vegetation, threatening the integrity and functionality of shoreline areas. Recent literature reviews revealed that impacts of the seemingly harmless activities bathing and lingering on the shore on lakeshore vegetation are poorly understood. In this study, we analysed the effects of shoreline use connected with bathing on the structure, composition and diversity of lakeshore vegetation. Vegetation relevés were recorded in 10 bathing and 10 adjacent control sites in the nature park 'Dahme-Heideseen' (Brandenburg, Germany). In addition visitor counts were performed. The species composition and the cover of herbaceous and shrub vegetation differed between bathing and control sites, but all sites had a high percentage of plant species not typical for the community. The vegetation parameters did not correlate with visitor counts. The results indicate that the present visitor intensity in the nature park does not impact the vegetation severely.
湖泊及其沿岸植被拥有丰富的生物多样性，为动植物提供了多种功能和栖息地。人类被这些生态系统的优美景色以及它们所提供的娱乐活动机会所吸引。然而，将湖泊用于娱乐活动可能会导致植被受到干扰，威胁到沿岸地区的完整性和功能。最近的文献综述表明，看似无害的在岸边沐浴和逗留等活动对湖滨植被的影响却鲜为人知。在本研究中，我们分析了与沐浴相关的岸边利用对湖滨植被的结构、组成和多样性的影响。在德国勃兰登堡州的“达默-海德湖”自然公园的10个沐浴地点和10个相邻的对照地点记录了植被样方。此外，还进行了游客数量统计。沐浴地点和对照地点之间草本和灌木植被的物种组成及覆盖度有所不同，但所有地点都有很大比例的植物物种并非该群落的典型物种。植被参数与游客数量没有相关性。结果表明，自然公园目前的游客强度并未对植被造成严重影响。
