Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, East-Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 10;13(1):11116. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38374-5.
Even though Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a serious pathogen, its origin is unknown. Poultry (Chicken, Turkey, Quebec, Goose, and Ostrich) are consumed as a regular protein source by a large number of people across the world; therefore, sanitary ways of delivering poultry for food are important for global health. As a result, we looked at the distribution of the pathogenicity cagA, vacA, babA2, oipA, and iceA in H. pylori isolates in poultry meat, as well as their antimicrobial resistance. Wilkins Chalgren anaerobic bacterial medium was used to cultivate 320 raw poultry specimens. Disk diffusion and Multiplex-PCR were used to investigate antimicrobial resistance and genotyping patterns, separately. H. pylori was found in 20 of 320 (6.25%) raw poultry samples. The highest incidence of H. pylori was found in chicken raw meat (15%), whereas the fewest was found in Goose and Quebec (0.00%). Resistance to ampicillin (85%), tetracycline (85%), and amoxicillin (75%) were greatest in H. pylori isolates. The percentage of H. pylori isolates with a MAR value of more than 0.2 was 17/20 (85%). The most prevalent genotypes discovered were VacA s1a (75%), m1a (75%), s2 (70%) and m2 (65%), and cagA (60%). The most typically discovered genotype patterns were s1am1a (45%), s2m1a (45%), and s2m2 (30%). BabA2, OipA + , and OipA- genotypes were found in 40%, 30%, and 30% of the population. In summary, the poultry flesh was polluted by H. pylori, with the babA2, vacA, and cagA genotypes being more prevalent. The simultaneous occurrence of vacA, cagA, iceA, oipA, and babA2 genotypes in antibiotic-resistant H. pylori bacteria implies a serious public health concern about raw poultry eating. In the future, researchers should look into H. pylori's resistance to multiple antibacterial drugs in Iran.
尽管幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）是一种严重的病原体，但它的起源尚不清楚。家禽（鸡、火鸡、魁北克、鹅和鸵鸟）是世界各地许多人经常食用的蛋白质来源；因此，为了全球健康，以卫生的方式供应家禽作为食物非常重要。因此，我们研究了家禽肉中 H. pylori 分离株中致病性 cagA、vacA、babA2、oipA 和 iceA 的分布情况，以及它们的抗菌药物耐药性。使用威尔金斯查尔格伦厌氧细菌培养基培养了 320 份生禽标本。分别使用圆盘扩散法和多重 PCR 法来研究抗菌药物耐药性和基因分型模式。在 320 份生禽样本中发现了 20 份（6.25%）H. pylori。在生鸡肉中发现 H. pylori 的比例最高（15%），而在鹅和魁北克中发现的比例最低（0.00%）。H. pylori 分离株对氨苄西林（85%）、四环素（85%）和阿莫西林（75%）的耐药率最高。H. pylori 分离株 MAR 值大于 0.2 的比例为 17/20（85%）。发现的最常见基因型是 VacA s1a（75%）、m1a（75%）、s2（70%）和 m2（65%）以及 cagA（60%）。最常见的基因型模式是 s1am1a（45%）、s2m1a（45%）和 s2m2（30%）。babA2、OipA+和 OipA-基因型在人群中的发现率分别为 40%、30%和 30%。总之，家禽肉受到了 H. pylori 的污染，babA2、vacA 和 cagA 基因型更为普遍。在抗生素耐药的 H. pylori 细菌中同时存在 vacA、cagA、iceA、oipA 和 babA2 基因型，这对生食家禽的公共健康构成了严重威胁。未来，研究人员应研究伊朗的 H. pylori 对多种抗菌药物的耐药性。
