NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China.
National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Jul 10;23(1):494. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-04969-5.
With the rise of reported mental disorders and behavioral issues after the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, psychiatrists and mental health care are urgently needed more than ever before. The psychiatric career carries a high emotional burden and stressful demands, which bring issues on psychiatrists' mental health and well-being into question. To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of depression, anxiety, and work burnout among psychiatrists in Beijing during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 6 to January 30, 2022, two years after COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic. Recruitment was performed using a convenience sample approach by sending online questionnaires to psychiatrists in Beijing. The symptoms of depression, anxiety, and burnout were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). The perceived stress and social support were measured by the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), respectively.
The data of 564 psychiatrists (median [interquartile range] age, 37 [30-43] years old) of all 1532 in Beijing were included in the statistical analysis. The prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and burnout were 33.2% (95% CI, 29.3-37.1%, PHQ-9 ≥ 5), 25.4% (95% CI, 21.8-29.0%, GAD-7 ≥ 5) and 40.6% (95% CI, 36.5-44.7%, MBI-GS ≥ 3 in each of the three subdimensions), respectively. The psychiatrist with a higher score on perceived stress was more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratios [ORs]: 4.431 [95%CI, 2.907-6.752]); the anxiety symptoms (adjusted ORs: 8.280 [95%CI, 5.255-13.049]), and the burnout conditions (adjusted ORs: 9.102 [95%CI, 5.795-14.298]). Receiving high social support was an independent protective factor against symptoms of depression (adjusted ORs: 0.176 [95%CI, [0.080-0.386]), anxiety (adjusted ORs: 0.265 [95%CI, 0.111-0.630]) and burnout (adjusted ORs: 0.319 [95%CI, 0.148-0.686]).
Our data suggest a considerable proportion of psychiatrists also suffer from depression, anxiety, and burnout. Perceived stress and social support influence depression, anxiety, and burnout. For public health, we must work together to reduce the pressure and increase social support to mitigate mental health risks in psychiatrists.
自 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行爆发以来，报告的精神障碍和行为问题有所增加，精神科医生和精神保健比以往任何时候都更加迫切需要。精神科职业带来很高的情绪负担和压力要求，这使得精神科医生的心理健康和福祉问题受到质疑。本研究旨在调查 COVID-19 大流行期间北京精神科医生抑郁、焦虑和工作倦怠的患病率和风险因素。
这是一项横断面调查，于 2022 年 1 月 6 日至 1 月 30 日进行，此时距离 COVID-19 被宣布为全球大流行已经过去了两年。采用便利抽样方法通过在线问卷向北京的精神科医生进行招募。使用患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）、广泛性焦虑障碍-7（GAD-7）和 Maslach 倦怠量表-一般调查（MBI-GS）评估抑郁、焦虑和倦怠症状。使用中文版感知压力量表（CPSS）和社会支持评定量表（SSRS）分别测量感知压力和社会支持。
本研究共纳入了北京 1532 名精神科医生中的 564 名（中位数[四分位数间距]年龄，37[30-43]岁）的数据进行统计分析。抑郁、焦虑和倦怠症状的患病率分别为 33.2%（95%置信区间，29.3-37.1%，PHQ-9≥5）、25.4%（95%置信区间，21.8-29.0%，GAD-7≥5）和 40.6%（95%置信区间，36.5-44.7%，MBI-GS 在三个子维度中的每个维度均≥3）。感知压力评分较高的精神科医生更有可能出现抑郁症状（调整后的优势比[ORs]：4.431[95%置信区间，2.907-6.752]）；焦虑症状（调整后的 ORs：8.280[95%置信区间，5.255-13.049]）和倦怠状况（调整后的 ORs：9.102[95%置信区间，5.795-14.298]）。获得较高的社会支持是抑郁症状（调整后的 ORs：0.176[95%置信区间，0.080-0.386]）、焦虑症状（调整后的 ORs：0.265[95%置信区间，0.111-0.630]）和倦怠（调整后的 ORs：0.319[95%置信区间，0.148-0.686]）的独立保护因素。
我们的数据表明，相当一部分精神科医生也患有抑郁、焦虑和倦怠。感知压力和社会支持会影响抑郁、焦虑和倦怠。为了公众健康，我们必须共同努力减轻压力，增加社会支持，以减轻精神科医生的心理健康风险。
