Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Br J Sports Med. 2023 Sep;57(18):1175-1179. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-106035. Epub 2023 Jul 10.
Previous studies have found that endurance sport activity is associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in men. However, it remains unclear whether endurance sports also influence the risk of AF in women. We aimed to examine whether participation in endurance sports may affect the risk of AF in female athletes.
We conducted a retrospective matched cohort study of top Swedish female endurance athletes (n=228) and reference individuals (n=1368) from the general population using the Swedish Total Population Register individually matched with a 6:1 ratio of female athletes. The athlete cohort was created by combining all Swedish women who ran the Stockholm Marathon faster than 3 hours 15 min in any of the races between 1979 and 1991, all women competing in the Swedish athletic national championships in the 10 000 metre race, and the top-ranked Swedish cyclists during the same period. We used the National Patient Register to determine whether the participants were diagnosed with AF.
Mean age at the start of follow-up was 32 (SD±8.5) years. During follow-up (mean 28.8 years; SD±4.4), 33 cases of AF were diagnosed, including 10 (4.4%) among athletes and 23 (1.7%) among references. The HR for female athletes compared with the reference population was 2.56 (95% CI 1.22 to 5.37) in the univariable model and 3.67 (95% CI 1.71 to 7.87) after adjustment for hypertension.
Elite female endurance athletes are at increased risk of AF than the general population.
先前的研究发现，耐力运动与男性心房颤动（AF）风险增加有关。然而，耐力运动是否也会影响女性的 AF 风险尚不清楚。我们旨在研究耐力运动是否会影响女性运动员的 AF 风险。
我们使用瑞典总人口登记处进行了一项回顾性匹配队列研究，该研究纳入了 228 名顶级瑞典女性耐力运动员（运动员队列）和 1368 名来自普通人群的参考个体（对照组），并以 6:1 的比例将运动员与女性个体进行匹配。运动员队列是通过以下方式创建的：在 1979 年至 1991 年期间，将所有在任何一场比赛中以 3 小时 15 分钟的速度跑完斯德哥尔摩马拉松的瑞典女性运动员、所有在瑞典田径全国锦标赛 10000 米比赛中参赛的女性运动员以及同期排名最高的瑞典自行车运动员纳入其中。我们使用国家患者登记处来确定参与者是否被诊断为 AF。
随访开始时的平均年龄为 32（±8.5）岁。在随访期间（平均 28.8 年；±4.4），诊断出 33 例 AF，其中运动员中有 10 例（4.4%），对照组中有 23 例（1.7%）。在单变量模型中，与对照组相比，女性运动员的 HR 为 2.56（95%CI 1.22 至 5.37），调整高血压后为 3.67（95%CI 1.71 至 7.87）。
精英女性耐力运动员患 AF 的风险高于普通人群。
