State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Demography, Zhou Enlai School of Government, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Int J Oral Sci. 2023 Jul 11;15(1):28. doi: 10.1038/s41368-023-00233-4.
This study aimed to introduce a minimally invasive technique for maxillary sinus floor elevation using the lateral approach (lSFE) and to determine the factors that influence the stability of the grafted area in the sinus cavity. Thirty patients (30 implants) treated with lSFE using minimally invasive techniques from 2015 to 2019 were included in the study. Five aspects of the implant (central, mesial, distal, buccal, and palatal bone heights [BHs]) were measured using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) before implant surgery, immediately after surgery (T0), 6 months after surgery (T1), and at the last follow-up visit (T2). Patients' characteristics were collected. A small bone window (height, (4.40 ± 0.74) mm; length, (6.26 ± 1.03) mm) was prepared. No implant failed during the follow-up period (3.67 ± 1.75) years. Three of the 30 implants exhibited perforations. Changes in BH of the five aspects of implants showed strong correlations with each other and BH decreased dramatically before second-stage surgery. Residual bone height (RBH) did not significantly influence BH changes, whereas smoking status and type of bone graft materials were the potentially influential factors. During the approximate three-year observation period, lSFE with a minimally invasive technique demonstrated high implant survival rate and limited bone reduction in grafted area. In conclusion, lSFE using minimally invasive techniques was a viable treatment option. Patients who were nonsmokers and whose sinus cavity was filled with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) had significantly limited bone resorption in grafted area.
本研究旨在介绍一种使用外侧入路（lSFE）的微创上颌窦底提升技术，并确定影响窦腔移植区稳定性的因素。2015 年至 2019 年期间，采用微创技术对 30 例患者（30 个种植体）进行 lSFE，将其纳入本研究。使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）在种植术前、术后即刻（T0）、术后 6 个月（T1）和末次随访（T2）时分别测量种植体的五个方面（中央、近中、远中、颊侧和腭侧骨高度[BH]）。收集患者特征。制备小骨窗（高度，（4.40±0.74）mm；长度，（6.26±1.03）mm）。在 3.67±1.75 年的随访期间，没有种植体失败。30 个种植体中有 3 个出现穿孔。五个方面的种植体 BH 变化之间具有很强的相关性，且在二期手术前 BH 显著下降。残留骨高度（RBH）对 BH 变化无显著影响，而吸烟状况和骨移植材料类型是潜在的影响因素。在大约 3 年的观察期内，微创技术的 lSFE 显示出较高的种植体存活率和有限的移植区骨质减少。结论：微创技术的 lSFE 是一种可行的治疗选择。非吸烟者和窦腔填充脱蛋白牛骨矿物质（DBBM）的患者，移植区骨质吸收明显受限。
