Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Department of Health Sciences, University 'Magna Graecia', Catanzaro, Italy.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2022 Mar;33(3):322-332. doi: 10.1111/clr.13891. Epub 2022 Jan 12.
The aim of this study was to evaluate histomorphometric outcomes of lateral maxillary sinus augmentation in different areas of the same cavity and to correlate results to bucco-palatal sinus width (SW) and residual bone height (RBH).
Patients needing maxillary sinus floor elevation (RBH <5 mm) to insert two nonadjacent implants were treated with lateral augmentation using a composite graft. Six months later, two bone-core biopsies (mesial/distal) were retrieved in implant insertion sites. SW and RBH were measured on cone beam computed tomography, and correlations between histomorphometric and anatomical parameters were evaluated by multivariate linear regression analysis.
Twenty patients underwent sinus augmentation, and eighteen were included in the final analysis (two dropouts for membrane perforation). Mean newly formed mineralized tissue percentage (%NFMT) after 6 months in mesial and distal sites was 17.5 ± 4.7 and 11.6 ± 4.7, respectively (p = .0004). Multivariate linear regression showed a strong negative correlation between SW and %NFMT (β coefficient=-.774, p < .0001) and no correlation between RBH and %NFMT (β coefficient =-.038, p = .825).
The present study confirms that %NFMT after lateral sinus augmentation occurs at different rates in different anatomical areas of the same maxillary sinus, showing a strong negative correlation with SW, whereas no influence of RBH was observed. Clinicians should regard SW as a guide for graft selection and to decide duration of the healing period. Researchers should consider SW as a predictor variable, when comparing regenerative outcomes of different biomaterials by using maxillary sinus as an experimental model.
本研究旨在评估同一上颌窦不同区域的外侧上颌窦提升术的组织形态计量学结果，并将结果与颊-腭向窦宽（SW）和剩余骨高度（RBH）相关联。
需要进行上颌窦底提升（RBH <5 mm）以植入两个不相邻种植体的患者，采用复合移植物进行外侧增强。6 个月后，在植入部位取出两个骨芯活检（近中/远中）。在锥形束计算机断层扫描上测量 SW 和 RBH，并通过多元线性回归分析评估组织形态计量学和解剖参数之间的相关性。
20 名患者接受了鼻窦增强，其中 18 名患者进入了最终分析（两名因膜穿孔脱落）。近中部位和远中部位 6 个月后新形成的矿化组织百分比（%NFMT）分别为 17.5 ± 4.7 和 11.6 ± 4.7（p = 0.0004）。多元线性回归显示，SW 与 %NFMT 之间存在强烈的负相关（β系数=-.774，p < 0.0001），而 RBH 与 %NFMT 之间无相关性（β系数=-.038，p = 0.825）。
本研究证实，外侧鼻窦提升后，同一上颌窦不同解剖区域的 %NFMT 以不同的速率发生，与 SW 呈强烈的负相关，而 RBH 无影响。临床医生应将 SW 作为指导，选择移植物并决定愈合期的持续时间。研究人员在使用上颌窦作为实验模型比较不同生物材料的再生结果时，应将 SW 视为预测变量。
