妇女赋权、生产选择和布基纳法索、印度、马拉维和坦桑尼亚的作物多样性：对横剖数据的二次分析。

Women's empowerment, production choices, and crop diversity in Burkina Faso, India, Malawi, and Tanzania: a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data.

机构信息

Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Systems, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK.

Anuvaad Solutions, New Delhi, India.

出版信息

Lancet Planet Health. 2023 Jul;7(7):e558-e569. doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00125-0.

DOI:10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00125-0

PMID:37437997

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10352962/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Bolstering farm-level crop diversity is one strategy to strengthen food system resilience and achieve global food security. Women who live in rural areas play an essential role in food production; therefore, we aimed to assess the associations between women's empowerment and crop diversity.

METHODS

In this secondary analysis of cross-sectional data, we used data from four cluster-randomised controlled trials done in Burkina Faso, India, Malawi, and Tanzania. We assessed women's empowerment using indicators from the Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index. Farm-level crop diversity measures were the number of food crops grown, number of food groups grown, and if nutrient-dense crops were grown. We used a two-stage modelling approach. First, we analysed covariate-adjusted country-specific associations between women's empowerment and crop diversity indicators using multivariable generalised linear models. Second, we pooled country-specific associations using random-effects models.

FINDINGS

The final analytic sample included 1735 women from Burkina Faso, 4450 women from India, 547 women from Malawi, and 574 women from Tanzania. Across all countries, compared with households in which women provided input into fewer productive decisions, households of women with greater input into productive decisions produced more food crops (mean difference 0·36 [95% CI 0·16-0·55]), a higher number of food groups (mean difference 0·16 [0·06-0·25]), and more nutrient-dense crops (percentage point difference 3 [95% CI 3-4]). Across all countries, each additional community group a woman actively participated in was associated with cultivating a higher number of food crops (mean difference 0·20 [0·04-0·35]) and a higher number of food groups (mean difference 0·11 [0·03-0·18]), but not more nutrient-dense crops. In pooled associations from Burkina Faso and India, asset ownership was associated with cultivating a higher number of food crops (mean difference 0·08 [0·04-0·12]) and a higher number of food groups (mean difference 0·05 [0·04-0·07]), but not more nutrient-dense crops.

INTERPRETATION

Greater women's empowerment was associated with higher farm-level crop diversity among low-income agricultural households, suggesting that it could help enhance efforts to strengthen food system resilience.

FUNDING

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

摘要

背景

增强农场层面的作物多样性是加强粮食系统韧性和实现全球粮食安全的一项策略。生活在农村地区的妇女在粮食生产中发挥着重要作用；因此，我们旨在评估妇女赋权与作物多样性之间的关联。

方法

在这项对横断面数据的二次分析中，我们使用了来自布基纳法索、印度、马拉维和坦桑尼亚的四项集群随机对照试验的数据。我们使用妇女赋权农业指数中的指标来评估妇女赋权。农场层面的作物多样性衡量标准是种植的粮食作物数量、种植的粮食种类数量以及是否种植营养密集型作物。我们使用两阶段建模方法。首先，我们使用多变量广义线性模型分析了调整后的国家特定变量之间的妇女赋权与作物多样性指标之间的关联。其次，我们使用随机效应模型对国家特定关联进行了汇总。

发现

最终分析样本包括来自布基纳法索的 1735 名妇女、印度的 4450 名妇女、马拉维的 547 名妇女和坦桑尼亚的 574 名妇女。在所有国家中，与妇女在较少生产决策中投入更多的家庭相比，妇女在更多生产决策中投入更多的家庭生产更多的粮食作物（平均差异 0.36 [95%CI 0.16-0.55]），更多的粮食种类（平均差异 0.16 [0.06-0.25]）和更多的营养密集型作物（百分点差异 3 [95%CI 3-4]）。在所有国家中，妇女积极参与的社区团体每增加一个，种植的粮食作物就会增加（平均差异 0.20 [0.04-0.35]），种植的粮食种类也会增加（平均差异 0.11 [0.03-0.18]），但营养密集型作物不会增加。在布基纳法索和印度的汇总关联中，资产所有权与种植更多的粮食作物（平均差异 0.08 [0.04-0.12]）和更多的粮食种类（平均差异 0.05 [0.04-0.07]）有关，但与营养密集型作物无关。