Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1415:435-441. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-27681-1_64.
Metabolism is adapted to meet energetic needs. Based on the amount of ATP required to maintain plasma membrane potential, photoreceptor energy demands must be high. The available evidence suggests that photoreceptors primarily generate metabolic energy through aerobic glycolysis, though this evidence is based primarily on protein expression and not measurement of metabolic flux. Aerobic glycolysis can be validated by measuring flux of glucose to lactate. Aerobic glycolysis is also inefficient and thus an unexpected adaptation for photoreceptors to make. We measured metabolic rates to determine the energy-generating pathways that support photoreceptor metabolism. We found that photoreceptors indeed perform aerobic glycolysis and this is associated with mitochondrial uncoupling.
代谢是为了满足能量需求而适应的。基于维持质膜电位所需的 ATP 量，光感受器的能量需求必定很高。现有证据表明，光感受器主要通过有氧糖酵解产生代谢能量，尽管这一证据主要基于蛋白质表达，而不是代谢通量的测量。通过测量葡萄糖向乳酸的通量可以验证有氧糖酵解。有氧糖酵解效率低下，因此对于光感受器来说，这是一种出乎意料的适应。我们测量了代谢率，以确定支持光感受器代谢的能量产生途径。我们发现光感受器确实进行有氧糖酵解，这与线粒体解偶联有关。
