有债务的个体的赌博行为：对银行交易数据的分析。
Gambling among indebted individuals: an analysis of bank transaction data.
机构信息
University of Helsinki, Centre for Research on Addiction, Control, and Governance (CEACG), Finland.
出版信息
Eur J Public Health. 2024 Apr 3;34(2):342-346. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad117.
BACKGROUND
Gambling is connected to important financial harms, including debt. Most existing research has investigated the relationship between gambling and debt using self-reported data. Only a few studies have used objective data. The current study focuses on the gambling of indebted individuals. It investigates the amounts and types of gambling consumed by indebted individuals, and the amounts of unsecured debt among heavy gamblers.
METHODS
We use past-year banking data of Finnish individuals (N = 23 231) collected between 2018 and 2021 among applicants to a debt consolidation service. The transactions consist of deposits to, and winnings paid by gambling operators, distinguished by type of gambling (sports betting, casino, lottery) as well as active loans divided into secured and unsecured loans.
RESULTS
Gambling is widespread among indebted individuals in Finland. In terms of gambling types, casino-type gambling is the most popular among indebted individuals. Gambling spending is highly concentrated. Nearly half (49.5%) of all gambling deposits are concentrated among the highest spending 5% of indebted individuals. Individuals with unsecured loans have higher median losses than those without unsecured loans.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that gambling and indebtedness are strongly linked. The connection is stronger for individuals with unsecured debt. This has implications for prevention and treatment. Easy access to unsecured credit is likely to worsen gambling harms. Debt counselling services routinely encounter gambling-related harms and need to be equipped to manage these issues.
背景
赌博与重要的财务伤害有关，包括债务。大多数现有研究使用自我报告的数据调查了赌博与债务之间的关系。只有少数研究使用了客观数据。本研究关注的是负债者的赌博行为。它调查了负债者所消费的赌博金额和类型，以及重度赌徒的无抵押贷款金额。
方法
我们使用了芬兰个人在 2018 年至 2021 年间向债务整合服务申请时收集的过去一年的银行数据（N=23231）。这些交易包括赌博运营商的存款和奖金，按赌博类型（博彩、赌场、彩票）以及分为抵押贷款和无抵押贷款的活跃贷款进行区分。
结果
赌博在芬兰的负债者中很普遍。就赌博类型而言，赌场类型的赌博在负债者中最受欢迎。赌博消费高度集中。近一半（49.5%）的所有赌博存款集中在负债最高的 5%的个人中。有无抵押贷款的个人的损失中位数高于没有无抵押贷款的个人。
结论
结果表明赌博和债务之间存在强烈的联系。对于有无抵押贷款的个人来说，这种联系更为紧密。这对预防和治疗有影响。无抵押贷款的便捷获得可能会加剧赌博伤害。债务咨询服务经常遇到与赌博有关的伤害，需要有能力处理这些问题。
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