Kenao Tchasso Serge, Sossa Jerome Charles, Paraiso Moussiliou Noël, Belo Mofou, Sopoh Ghislain Emmanuel, Tchankoni Kouame Martin, Agueh Victoire
Health Promotion Department, Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin.
University of Lomé, Faculty of Medicine, Togo.
J Public Health Afr. 2023 May 3;14(5):2301. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2301. eCollection 2023 Apr 30.
To assess urinary sodium/potassium intake and identify its links with global cardiovascular risk (GCVR) according to the WHOPEN approach to WHO/ISH (International High Blood Pressure Society).
It was a cross-sectional and analytical study that took place from July 6, 2020, to September 17, 2021, in Togo, in the Aneho, Notse and Dapaong localities. It focused on 400 adults selected by sampling. The analysis of two urine samples was done. Cardiovascular risk scores were determined from specific graphs that take into account age, gender, systolic blood pressure, diabetes status, and smoking behavior.
Among the 400 respondents, 49% lived in rural areas. The average age was 41 (30; 51) years. The average sodium and potassium intakes were respectively 3.2 g (1.04-5.99) or 7.95 g of salt and 1.4 g (1.89-5.62) per day. The risk of excessive sodium intake was 2.39 times higher in urban areas than in rural ones (P=0.049). Residing in rural areas was associated with high potassium intakes compared to urban ones [OR=3,2 IC (1.89-5.62)]. Thirteen percent (13%) of respondents were likely to develop at least a deadly or non-deadly cardiovascular disease in the next 10 years 'time, of whom 5% present a high risk. Excessive sodium intake increases by 2.10 times the risk of a deadly cardiovascular disease occurrence.
Sodium intakes are high while potassium intakes are low with a subsequent GCVR in the three cities. Sodium intakes were associated with GCVR. It is necessary to take steps to reduce excessive sodium intake and improve potassium intake.
根据世界卫生组织/国际高血压学会（WHO/ISH）的世界卫生组织全球高血压预防与控制规划（WHOPEN）方法，评估尿钠/钾摄入量，并确定其与全球心血管风险（GCVR）的关联。
这是一项横断面分析研究，于2020年7月6日至2021年9月17日在多哥的阿内霍、诺特塞和达庞地区进行。研究聚焦于通过抽样选取的400名成年人。对两份尿液样本进行了分析。心血管风险评分通过特定图表确定，该图表考虑了年龄、性别、收缩压、糖尿病状况和吸烟行为。
在400名受访者中，49%生活在农村地区。平均年龄为41（30；51）岁。钠和钾的平均摄入量分别为每天3.2克（1.04 - 5.99克）或7.95克盐以及1.4克（1.89 - 5.62克）。城市地区钠摄入过量的风险比农村地区高2.39倍（P = 0.049）。与城市地区相比，居住在农村地区与高钾摄入量相关[比值比（OR）= 3.2，置信区间（IC）（1.89 - 5.62）]。13%的受访者在未来10年内有可能至少患一种致命或非致命的心血管疾病，其中5%存在高风险。钠摄入过量会使致命心血管疾病发生风险增加2.10倍。
在这三个城市中，钠摄入量高而钾摄入量低，随后出现了全球心血管风险。钠摄入量与全球心血管风险相关。有必要采取措施减少过量钠摄入并增加钾摄入。
